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G., the letter, prophecy regarding, Richard III., i. 1.
Gaberdine, The Tempest, ii. 2 ; Merchant of Venice, i. 3. A
long, frock-like coat.
Gadfly. See BREESE.
Gads-Hill, scene of a part of I. Henry IV. On the Kentish
road near Rochester.
Gadshill, a character in /. Henry IV., introduced in ii. 1. He
is one of Falstaff s company, and so disreputable that the carriers
are afraid to trust him with their lanterns. In ii. 2 he takes part in
the robbery, and in the lying in ii. 4.
Gage. See CHALLENGE.
Gain, be my lord, King John, end of act ii. ; seekers of, King
Lear, ii. 4.
Gaingiving (misgiving), Hamlet, v. 2.
Gait, a springing, Troilus and Cressida, iv. 5 ; a majestic, Love's
Labour's Lost, v. 1; Antony and Cleopatra, Hi, 3 ; Lear, v. 3 ; A
Winter's Tale, iv. 3; of a shuffling nag, I. Henry IV., Hi. 1.
Galathe, Hector's horse, Troilus and Cressida, v. 5.
Galen, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 3; Hi. 1; All's Well that
Ends Well, ii. 3 ; II. Henry IV., i. 2 ; Coriolanus, ii. 1.
Gall, in ink, Twelfth Night, Hi. 2.
Galliard (a sprightly dance), Twelfth Night, i. 3; Henry V.,
i.2.
Galliass, Taming of the Shrew, ii. 1. A large galley with
three masts and seats for thirty-two rowers.
Gallimaufry (medley), Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1; A Winter's Tale, iv. 4.
Gallow (frighten), King Lear, Hi. 2.
Gallowglasses (troops each " armed with a scull, a shirt of mail,
and a galloglas-axe "), Macbeth, i. 2; II. Henry VI., iv. 9.
Gallows, born for the, The Tempest, i. 1; v. 1 ; Love's Labour's
Lost, v. 2 ; I. Henry IV., i. 2; abolition of the, I. Henry IV., i. 2;
a fat pair, /. Henry IV., ii. 1 ; Hamlet, v. 1. See HANGING.
Gallus, character in Antony and Cleopatra, introduced in v. 1, a
friend of Caesar.
Gam, Davy, his death, Henry V., iv. 8.
Gaming, the varnish of a complete man, Love's Labour's Lost,
i.2.
Gamut, Hortensio's, Taming of the Shrew, iii. 1.
Ganymede, name assumed by Rosalind, As You Like It, i. 3.
Garboils (tumult), Antony and Cleopatra, i. 3 ; ii. 2.
Garden, order in a, Richard II., iii. 4.
Gardener, a, Richard II., iii. 4.
Gardening, II. Henry VI., iii. 1, " Now 'tis the spring," etc. ;
Henry V., ii. 4 ; Adam's profession, Richard II., iii. 4 ; II. Henry
VI., iv. 2 ; Hamlet v. 1.
Gardiner, Stephen, Bishop of Winchester, character in Henry
VIII., introduced in ii. 2 ; his unscrupulousness, ii. 2. In v . 1, he
expresses enmity to Cromwell and Cranmer. He favored the divorce
and the Anglican Church under Henry, but became a papist again
under Mary, in whose reign he was chancellor, and whose measures
against the Protestants he was largely concerned in.
Gargantua, As You Like It, iii. 2. A giant in the writings of
Rabelais, who swallowed five pilgrims with their staves in a salad.
Gargrave, Sir Thomas, character in I. Henry VI., appears in i.
4, at the siege of Orleans, and is killed.
Garlands, A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 or 4; oaken, Coriolanus, ii. 1;
wheaten, Hamlet, v. 2 ; willow, Othello, iv. 3, song.
Garment, the everlasting, Comedy of Errors, iv. 2.
; Garter, Knights of the, Merry Wives of Windsor, v. 5.
Garter, Order of the, I. Henry VI., iv. 1 ; Richard III., iv. 4.
Garter king at arms, Henry VIII., iv. 1, order of the coronation. Thomas Wriothesley, grandfather of Henry Wriothesley, to
whom Venus and Adonis and Lucrece were dedicated.
Garter Inn, the, scene of a part of the Merry Wives of Windsor.
The Host, one of the characters, first appears in i. 3.
Gascoigne, Sir William, Lord Chief Justice, character in II.
Henry IV., first appears in i. 2. One of the legends about the wild
Prince Hal is that he gave the chief justice a cuff on the ear, and
was sent to prison for it by the justice. In v. 2, Sir William defends
his action, and is unexpectedly praised for it and retained in office
by the young king.
Gascony, in southwestern France, scene of I, Henry VL, iv.
3,4.
Gate, the strait, All's Well that Ends Well, iv. 5.
Gaudy night, one other, Antony and Cleopatra, Hi. 13. Gaudy
days that is, days of joy is a term for feast-days.
Gaunt, John of, Duke of Lancaster, character in Richard //. y
enters in the first scene. He was born in 1339 in Ghent,, whence his
name. At the opening of the play he was fifty-eight, though addressed as a very old man. He is a fine and stately character. His
patriotism is shown in his reproaches to Richard for his sins against
his country, and his eulogy on England in ii. 1, just before his
death (1399). His line,.///. Henry VI^ i. 1 ; his wisdom, 111. Henry
VI., Hi. 4.
Gawsey (Gausel or Goushill), Sir Nicholas, /. Henry IV., v. 4.
Gear (business), Merchant of Venice, i. 1; II. Henry VI., i. 4;
Troilus and Cressida, i. 1.
Geek (fool, fop), Twelfth Night, v. 1; Cymbeline, v. 4.
Gelidus timor, etc., //. Henry VI., iv. 1. Cold fear seizes my
limbs.
Gender (sort), Hamlet, iv. 7 (or 4).
General (the common people), Measure for Measure, ii. 4; caviare to the. See CAVIARE.
General (the public weal), Julius Ccesar, ii. 1.
General, fame of a, Coriolanus, i. 1, end*
Generation (children), King Lear, i. 1.
Generation, to yonder (or the under), Measure for Measure, iv.
3. The under would mean the antipodes ; yonder may mean those
outside the prison.
Genius, tHe (the soul), Julius Caesar, ii. 1 ; Twelfth Night, Hi*
4 ; (the tutelar angel), Troilus and Cressida, iv. 4.
Gentility, law against the influence of women, Love's Labour's
Lost, i. 1.
Gentleman, characteristics of a r Two Gentlemen of Verona, ii.
4; a fine, Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2 ; signs of a r Twelfth Night, i.
5 ; born a, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 1; A Winter's Tale, v. 2 ; a
brave, /. Henry IV., v. 1 ; a, framed in the prodigality of nature,
Richard III., i. 2 ; bears him like a, Romeo and Juliet r i.5; the
most ancient, Hamlet, v. 1.
Gentlemen, who neither envy the great nor despise the low,
Pericles, ii. 3.
Gentleness, a strong enforcement, J.s You Like It r ii. 7; neeeseary for success, Coriolanus, Hi. 1.
Gentry (courtesy), Hamlet, ii. 2. Gentry, degrees of, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1, " Not alter
the article," etc. ; inheritance of, A Winter's Tale, i. 2.
Geoffrey Plantagenet, the father of Prince Arthur, mentioned
in King John.
Geography, Merchant of Venice, i. 1, " Peering in maps for
ports and piers and roads."
Geologic changes, II. Henry IV., Hi. 1, " God, that one
might read," etc.
George, look on my, II. Henry VI., iv. 1 ; Richard III. T iv. 4.
The Knights of the Garter wore a figure of St. George on horseback.
George, St., battle-cry of English soldiers, Henry V., Hi. 1 ; I.
Henry VI., iv. 2; Richard III., v. 3; feast of, April 23d, I.Henry
VI., i. 1 ; and the dragon, King John, ii. 1. Allusion to the picture
used as an innkeeper's sign.
Germans, the, Merry Wives of Windsor, iv. 3, 5. It has been
found by Mr. Knight that the Duke of Wiirtemberg travelled in
England with a retinue in 1592, and went to Windsor, under the
name of Count Mombeliard (Mumplegart), his title at the time, and
no doubt this is a reminiscence of that event. Garmomble, almost
an anagram of Mumplegart, appears in the copy of 1602. An order
was found from the lord chamberlain that the count should have
post-horses free. Apparently the host intends to take it out of the
rest of the company. Germans are honest men, Merry Wives of
Windsor, iv. 5 ; all slops (loose breeches) from the waist downward
like, Much Ado about Nothing, Hi. 2 ; are hasty, III. Henry VI., iv. 8.
Germany, the heresies in Upper, Henry VIII., v. 3. Alluding
to the " following of Thomas Muncer in Thuringia in 1521."
Gertrude, Queen of Denmark and mother of Hamlet, first appears in i. 2. In the history her name is Geruth or Gerutha. It is
left doubtful whether she knew of the poisoning of Hamlet's father,
but her affection for Hamlet and for Ophelia make it probable that
she was weak rather than cruel. She dies, v. 2, of the poison intended for Hamlet.
Gest, A Winter's Tale, i. 2. An appointed stage in a royal
progress ; sometimes used for an appointed limit of time.
Get you hence, song, A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 or 4.
Ghost (corpse), //. Henry VI., Hi. 2.
Ghost (soul), vex not his, King Lear, v. 3.
Ghost(s), returning, Midsummer Night's Dream, Hi. 2; appear
to Richard and Richmond, Richard III., v. 3 ; of Caesar, Julius
Ccesar, iv. 3; v. 5; of Banquo, Macbeth, Hi. 3, 4; of Hamlet's father, Hamlet, i. 1, 2, 4) 5 ; ii. 2, end ; Hi. 4 ,' make the, gaze, Antony and Cleopatra, iv. 12 or 14 ; disbelief in, A Winter's Tale, in. 3.
Giant, a, Twelfth Night, i. 5, meaning a guardian giant ; strength
of, Measure for Measure, ii. 2 ; pangs of, in death, Measure for
Measure, Hi. 1 ; robe of a, Macbeth, v. 2.
Gib-cat (an old cat), 7. Henry IV., i. 2.
Gifts, slight, As You Like It, i. 2, " Wear this for me," etc. ; that
are locked in the heart, A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 ; win with, Two Gentlemen of Verona, Hi. 1 ; of love, Midsummer Night's Dream, i. 1 ;
returned, Hamlet, Hi. 1 ; gain praise, Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 1 ;
seven hundred pounds and possibilities is good, Merry Wives of
Windsor, i. 1 ; of rich men, Timon of Athens, v. 1.
Gig (a kind of top), Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 3 ; v. 1.
Giglot (giddy, inconstant), I. Henry 77., iv. 7 ; Cymbeline, Hi. 1.
Gilded, by liquor, The Tempest, v. 1, 2.
Gillyvors (gillyflowers), A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 or 4.
Gixmnals, or gimmers, machinery or jointing of an automaton,
/. Henry VI., i. 2. A girnmal-ring was a jointed one, two or three
fastened together, used by lovers. " Gimmal-bit " is used in Henry
V., iv. 2.
Ginger, shall be hot i' the mouth, Twelfth Night, ii. 3.
Gipsy, Cleopatra called a, Antony and Cleopatra, i. 1; iv. 10
or 12.
Gird (rail at), Coriolanus, i. 1; a kindly, 7. Henry 77.. Hi. 1.
The right kind of reproof.
Girdle, turn his (challenge by turning the buckle to the back),
Much Ado about Nothing, v. 1.
Girdle, round the earth, Midsummer Night's Dream, ii. 1.
Gis, Hamlet, iv. 5 (or 2\ Meaning unknown.
Giving vein, the, Richard III., iv. 2.
Glamis, Macbeth made thane of, by the death of his father,
Sinel, Finel, or Finlay, Macbeth, i. 3.
Glansdale, Sir William, character in 7. Henry VI., appears in i.
4, and is killed in the same scene.
Glass, a prophet looks in a, Measure for Measure, ii. 2. Allusion to fortune-tellers that prophesied from looking into a beryl or
crystal glass. HUDSON.
Gleek(s), jests or gibes, Midsummer Night's Dream, Hi. 1; I.
Henry VI., Hi. 2; Romeo and Juliet, iv. 5.
Glendower, Owen, a Welsh nobleman, character in 7. Henry IV.,
introduced in Hi. 1, His victory over Mortimer is reported in i. l t
He joins in rebellion with the Percys. He believes himself to be
possessed of supernatural power, and talks pompously (Hi. 1) of the
portents at his birth, and, Hotspur says, kept him at least nine hours
" in reckoning up the several devils' names that were his lackeys."
His death, //. Henry IV., Hi. 1. As a matter of fact, he did not die
till 1415, after Henry's death. Allusions to, Richard II., Hi. 1 ; II.
Henry VI., ii. 2. It was Lord Grey, of Ruthven, who was held
captive as described in the last passage.
Globe, this, shall dissolve, The Tempest, iv. 1.
Globe Theatre, called " this wooden 0," in the chorus to act i.,
Henry V.
Glory, guilty of crimes, Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 1 ; the greater
dims the less, Merchant of Venice, v. 1 ; departure of, Richard IL,
ii. 4 ; like a circle in water, I. Henry VI., i. 2 ; view of earthly
(Field of the Cloth of Gold), Henry VIII., i. 1; of the world, Henry
VIII., Hi. 2 ; of this life, madness, Timon of Athens, i. 2. See also
FAME.
Gloucester, Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of, uncle of Richard
II. He was arrested for treason in 1397, condemned, and given into
the charge of Norfolk, who, it was said, by order of the king, secretly
made away with him. In Richard IL, i. 1, Bolingbroke charges
Norfolk with his death. In iv. 1, Aumerle is accused of being the
instrument of it.
Gloucester, Richard, Duke of. See PLANT AGENET, RICHARD,
and RICHARD III. In III. Henry VI., Hi. 2, he is first called
Gloucester.
Gloucester, Duke of, character in King Lear, introduced in the
first scene. He is coarse in conversation and hot and fiery in his
condemnation of Edgar ; but the better points of his character come
out afterward in his manifestation of loyalty, Hi. 3, 7, and his bearing in the sufferings it brings upon him, Hi. 7.
Gloucester, dukedom of, ominous, ///. Henry VI., ii. 6. It was
thought to be unlucky on account of the deaths of three of the dukes.
Gloucester, Eleanor de Bohun, Duchess of, a character in Richard IL, enters in i. 2. Her death, ii. 2, supposed in the play to be
at the duke's castle of Plashy or Pleshy, really occurred at^ BarkingAbbey, one of the most ancient 'abbeys of England, founded by St.
Erkenwald, about 675 A. D. It was seven miles east of London, on
the Roding. Nothing now remains of its once fine buildings but a
gateway with a tower, called the " Fire-Bell Tower," from a tradition that curfew and fire-alarms were rung from it.
Gloucester, Eleanor Cobham, Duchess of. See ELEANOR.
Gloucester, Humphrey, Duke of. See HUMPHREY.
Gloucestershire, scene of a part of Richard II. and a part of
//. Henry IV. Shallow's residence was there.
Gloves, lovers on, Two Gentlemen of Verona, ii. 1 ; Romeo and
Juliet, ii. 2; used as gages, Richard II., i. 1; iv. 1; Henry V., iv.
1 ; Troilus and Cressida, iv. 4; v. 2; Timon of Athens, v. 4; King
Lear, v. 2 ; perfumed, Much Ado about Nothing, Hi. 4.
Glow-worm, the, Hamlet, i. 5 ; Midsummer Night's Dream,
Hi. 1.
Glutton, the (Dives), //. Henry IV., i. 2.
Gluttony, bankrupts the wits, Love's Labour's Lost, i. 1.
Gobbo, an old man, father of Launcelot Gobbo, in the Merchant
of Venice, introduced in ii. 2.
Gobbo, Launcelot. See LAUNCELOT.
Go-between, denunciation of a, Two Gentlemen of Verona, i. 2 ;
a zealous, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 1 ; ii. 2 ; Trail, and Cress., Hi. 2,
God, his mercy, Measure for Measure, ii. 2 ; Merchant of Venice, iv. 1 ; II. Henry VI., iv. 8 ; and the rope-maker, Comedy of Errors, iv. 3; the tuition of, Much Ado about Nothing, i. 1; they hope
they serve, Much Ado about Nothing, iv. 2 ; feeds the raven and the
sparrow, As You Like It, ii. 3 ; chooses weak ministers, All's Well
that Ends Well, ii. 1; the widow's champion, Richard II., i. 2;
guards his anointed, Richard II., Hi. 2, 3 ; is mustering armies of
pestilence, Richard II., Hi. 3 ; King of kings, Henry V., i. 1 ; we
are in his hand, Henry V., Hi. 6; cannot be escaped, Henry V., iv.
1 ; Hamlet, Hi. 3, " There is no shuffling," etc. ; gives light in darkness, 11. Henry VI., ii. 1; a stay and guide, II. Henry VI., ii. 3;
works in all his creatures, //. Henry VI., ii. 1 ; the judge, //. Henry
VI., Hi. 2; Henry VIII., Hi. 1; King Lear, iv. 2; the all-seeing,
Richard III., v. 1 ; the omniscient, All's Well that Ends Well, ii.
1; Henry VIII., Hi. 1; is just, Richard III., i. 2 ; Macbeth, iv. 3;
rewards service, Henry VIII., Hi. 2 ; his spies, K ing Lear, v. 3.
God(s), the, a thousand knees could not move, A Winter's Tale,
Hi. 2 ; in shapes of beasts, A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 or 4 ; the service
greater than, Troilus and Cressida, ii. 2; Caesar as a, Julius Ccesar,
i. 2 ; threatenings of the, Julius Cc&sar, i. 3 ; wants nothing of a,
but eternity and a heaven, Coriolanus, v. 4> prayer to, Timon of
Athens, i. 2 ; let them find their enemies, King Lear, Hi. 2 ; sport
of, King Lear, iv. 1 ; opposeless wills of, King Lear, iv. 6 ; are just,
King Lear, v. 3 ; justice and delays of, Antony and Cleopatra* ii. 1;
God save her (a charm), Henry VII I., v. 4.
God ye good even (God give you), As You Like It, v. 1. See
GOOD DEN.
Goffe, Matthew, character in II. Henry VI., first appears in iv.
7, mentioned in iv. 5. He was a foster-brother of Talbot, Earl of
Shrewsbury, and led the Londoners against Jack Cade in 1450.
Going, stay not upon the order of, Macbeth, Hi. 4.
Gold, Comedy of Errors, ii. 1 ; all that glisters is not, Merchant
of Venice, ii. 7 ; hard food for Midas, Merchant of Venice, Hi. 2 ;
fairy gold. A Winter's Tale, Hi. 3 ; authority led by, A Winter's
Tale, iv. 3 or 4, to gild refined, King John, iv. 2 ; greed for, //.
Henry IV., iv. 4 ,' allusion to the notion that potable gold was a
powerful medicine, //. Henry IV., iv. 4,' corrupting, Richard III.,
iv. 2 ; o'erdusted, Troilus and Cressida, Hi. 3 ; worse poison, Romeo
and Juliet, v. 1 ; allusion to the punishment in hell of the avaricious
by molten gold poured down the throat, Timon of Athens, Hi. 1 ;
power of, Timon of Athens, iv. 3 ; what a god it is ! brings back
friends, Timon of Athens, v~ 1 ; sin plated with, King Lear, iv. 6 ;
power of, Cymbeline, ii. 3; worthlessness of, Cymbeline, Hi. 6;
saint-seducing, Romeo and Juliet, i. 1.
Golden age, or world, The Tempest, ii. 1 ; As You Like It, i. 1.
Goldsmiths' wives, sentiments from, As Ton Like It, Hi. 2.
Golgotha, Richard II., iv. 1 ; memorize (make memorable), another, Macbeth, i.
Goliases, I. Henry VI., i. 2. Goliaths.
Goliath, with a weaver's beam, Merry Wives of Windsor, v. 1.
Goneril, one of the daughters of King Lear, introduced in the
first scene. Her professions of love, *'. 1; treatment of her father,
. 8, 4; intrigue with Edmund, iv. 2, 5 ; v. 1 ; plots against her husband's life, iv. 6 ; poisons Regan and dies, v. 3.
" The monsters Goneril and Regan are gorgons rather than
women, such as Shakespeare has nowhere else conceived. The aspect
of Goneril can almost turn to stone ; in Regan's tongue there is a
viperous hiss. Goneril is the more formidable, because the more incaple of any hatred which is not solid and four-square. Regan acts
under her 'sister's influence, but has an eager venomousness of her
own." DOWDEN.
Gonzago. See MURDER OF GONZAGO. '
Gonzalo, a loyal and faithful subject of Prospero in The Tempest, introduced in i. 5.
Good, render, for evil, The Tempest, v. 1, " The rarer action,"
etc.; As You Like It, iv. 3; All's Well that Ends Well, ii. 5;
Richard III., i. 3 ; Timon of Athens, Hi. 3 ; to do, sometimes folly,
Macbeth, iv. 2 ; apparent, Cymbeline, Hi. 4 ; light of deeds of, Merchant of Venice, v. 1.
Good den (evening), King John, i. 1, and elsewhere.
Goodfellow, Robin. See PUCK.
Good Friday, allusions to fasting on, King John, i. 1 ; 1. Henry
IV., i. 2.
Goodness, a fever in, Measure for Measure, iii. 2 ; may goodness and he fill up one monument, Henry VIII., ii. 1 ; a kind of, in
speaking well, Henry VIII., iii. 2 ; brighter after ill behaviour, I.
Henry IV., i. 2, end ; a soul of, in things evil, Henry V., iv. 1; made
a net for destruction, Othello, ii. 3, " And what's he," etc.
Good-night, Passionate Pilgrim, xiv. ; a hurried, Macbeth, iii.
4 ; lovers', Romeo and Juliet, ii. 2 ; Venus and Adonis, I. 529.
Good things, made too common, II. Henry IV., i. 2.
Goodwins, Merchant of Venice, iii. 1; King John, v. 3, 5.
Sands off the coast of Kent, where the castle of Earl Goodwin was
said to have been engulfed.
Good year (supposed corruption of gotigeres, a disease), Much
Ado about Nothing, i. 3 ; King Lear, v. 3.
Goose, the tailor's, Macbeth, ii. 3.
Goose-quills, many wearing rapiers afraid of, Hamlet, ii. 2.
Those who wrote plays for children to act.
Gorboduc, King of Britain (perhaps), Twelfth Night, iv. 2. '
Gordian knot, the, Cymbeline, ii. 2 ; Henry V., i. 1. Gprdius
was a peasant, who was made King of Phrygia because the oracle
had said that the future king should come in a wagon, and Gordius
came driving into the public square in one just after the oracle had
been received. He dedicated his wagon to Jupiter, and tied it up so
that the ends of the knot could not be seen. It was believed that he
who should untie the knot should be king of all Asia. No one succeeded in untying it, but Alexander the Great cut it with his sword.
Gorgon, a new, Macbeth, ii. 3 ; one way like a, Antony and
Cleopatra, ii. 5.
Gormandizing, Love's Labour's Lost, i. 1 ; Merchant of Venice, ii 5 ; II. Henry I V., v. 5.
Gosford Green, near Coventry, scene of part of Richard II.
Gossamer, symbol of lightness, Romeo and Juliet, ii. 6 ; King
Lear, iv. 6.
Gossips (sponsors), All's Well that Ends Well, i. 1 ; Midsummer Night's Dream, ii. 1 ; Henry VIII., v. 5 ; Romeo and Juliet,
Hi. 5.
Goths, wars of Rome against the, Titus Andronicus, i. 1.
Gough. See GOFFE.
Gourd and fullam (false dice), Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 3.
Fullam is conjectured to be from Fulham. either because they were
made there, or because gamblers made that place a resort. They
were loaded on one side, while the gourds were hollowed out, making a secret cavity.
Government(s), deputed, Measure for Measure, i. 1 ; order in,
like that of bees, Henry V., i. 2 ; that makes women seem divine, III.
Henry VL, i. 4; resigned, ///. Henry VI., iv. 6.
Gower, an officer in the army, character in //. Henry IV., introduced in ii. 1, and in Henry V., introduced in Hi. 2.
Gower, John, the poet, author of "Confessio Amantis," from
which the story of Pericles, Prince of Tyre, was taken, and therefore
introduced as the chorus in that play. He died in 1408.
Grace, forgot, makes all go wrong, Measure for Measure, iv. 4,'
special, Love's Labour's Lost, i. 1 ; of men, more sought than God's,
Richard III., Hi. 4 / opposed to rude will, Romeo and Juliet, ii. 3 ;
must look so, Macbeth, iv. 3.
Grace before meat, Measure for Measure, i.2; Merry Wives, i. 1;
not enough for a prologue to egg and butter, I. Henry I V., i. 2 ; used
as the, Coriolanus, iv. 7; by cynics, Timon of Athens, i. 2; Hi. 6.
Graceful (gracious), Antony and Cleopatra, ii. 2.
Gracefulness, A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 or 4.
Graces, some men's, are their enemies, As You Like It, ii. 3 ;
a dumb discursive devil in, Titus Andronicus, iv. 4; in herbs, Romeo
and Juliet, ii. 3 ; her subjects, Pericles, i. 1.
Grained (wrinkled), Comedy of Errors, v. 1.
Grammar, sin of understanding, //. Henry VL, iv. 7.
Grandam, give, kingdom, King John, ii. 1.
Grandchildren, Richard III., iv. 4.
Grandpre, a French lord in Henry V., first appears in iv. 2 ;
his death, iv. 8.
Grange (a large country house), Mariana in the moated, Measure for Measure, Hi. 1; iv, 1.
Grass, grows fastest by night, Henry V., i. 1.
Gratiano, a character in the Merchant of Venice, introduced in
the first scene, a merry, talkative fellow, who, Bassanio says, " speaks
an infinite deal of nothing, more than any man in all Venice " (i. 2).
Gratiano, an unimportant character in Othello, introduced in v. 2.
Gratitude, Macbeth, i. 3, " Your pains are registered " ; King
Lear, iv. 7 ; for the poorest service, Taming of the Shrew, iv. 3'; of
an old servant, As You Like It, ii. 3 ; to heaven, //. Henry VI., ii, 1.
See THANKS.
Gratuity, indirect begging for a, Two Gentlemen of Verona,
i.l.
Grave-diggers, characters in Hamlet, v. 1.
Gravel-heart (stony heart), Measure for Measure, iv. 3.
Grave(s), opened by magic every third thought a, The Tempest,
v. 1; with sorrow to the, Two Gentlemen of Verona, Hi. 1; opened,
Midsummer Night's Dream, Hi. 2; v. 2 ; Hamlet, Hi. 2 ; an old
man asks a, Henry VIII., iv. 2; Julius Ccesar, ii. 2 ; Hamlet, i. 1;
Hi. 2 ; wrestling in a, Hamlet, v. 1 ; silence of the, Titus Andronicus,
i. 1 ; by the sea, a, Timon of Athens, iv. 3 ; v. 1, 3, 4 ; lovers at a,
Romeo and Juliet; v. 3 ; position of, east and west, Cymbeline, iv. 2.
Gravity, revolted to wantonness, Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2 ; affectation of, Merchant of Venice, i. L
Graymalkin, the quasi-personal name for the cat, Macbeth, i. 1.
Great, the, mercy in privileges of wit in, to jest with saints,
Measure for Measure, ii. 2 ; have many blasts to shake them, Richard III., i. 3 ; favour of, Richard III., Hi. 4 ; criticism of, Henry
VIII., i. 2 ; griefs of, Henry VIII., ii. 3 ; one of, like a colossus,
Julius Ccesar, i. 2 ; have countenance to suicide, Hamlet, v. 1 ; servants of, King Lear, Hi. 1; ebb and flow of, King Lear, v. 3 ; pay
for demerit of others, Antony and Cleopatra, v. 2.
Greatness, rumours concerning, Measure for Measure, iv. 1 ;
some achieve, Twelfth Night, ii. 5; Hi. 4; v. 1; needs pruning,
Richard II., Hi. 4; ingratitude of, /. Henry IV., iv. 3 ; v. 1; out
of love with, //. Henry IV., ii. 2 ; unsought, II. Henry IV., Hi. 1;
highest point of, Henry VIII., ii. 2 ; farewell to, Henry VIII., Hi.
2 ; fall of, Richard III., iv. 4 ; fallen out with fortune, Troilus and
Cressida, Hi. 3 ; dangers of, Julius Ccesar, ii. 1 ; not independent,
Hamlet, i. 3; the fall of, Hamlet, Hi. 3; the right, Hamlet, iv. 4;
departing, Antony and Cleopatra, iv. 11 or 13 ; magnifies faults and
merits, Lucrece, 1. 1004.
Greek (good fellow), Twelfth Night, iv. 1.
Greeks, the, war of, with the Trojans, Troilus and Cressida ;
their ships, prologue ; strength and skill, i. 1 ; discord among, i. 3.
Green, Sir Henry, a character in Richard II., first introduced in
i. 3 ; his death, Hi. 2.
Green, the colour of lovers, Love's Labour's Lost, i. 2.
Greene, Robert. The name of the play, " The thrice three Muses
mourning for the Death of Learning, late deceased in Beggary,"
offered to Theseus in Midsummer Night's Dream, v. 1, is by some
supposed to refer to his death. See SOURCES.
Green Sleeves, tune of, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1 ; v. 5.
The words of this old song are lost, but they are judged, from contemporary allusions, to have been indecent.
Greenwood Tree, Under the, song, As You Like It, ii. 5.
Greeting. See SALUTATION.
Gregory, one of Capulet's servants, character in Romeo and Juliet, appears in i. 1.
Gregory, St., Two Gentlemen of Verona, iv. 2. Three popes of
the name were canonized.
Gregory, Turk, /. Henry IV., v. 3. Pope Gregory VII.
Gremio, an ill-natured old man, suitor of Bianca in the Taming
of the Shrew, introduced in *'. 1.
Grey, Elizabeth Woodville, Lady, afterward queen of Edward
IV. See ELIZABETH.
Grey, Sir Richard (correctly John), spoken of in ///. Henry VI.,
iii. 2, as having lost his life in the cause of the house of York, and
in Richard III., i. 3, as a partisan of Lancaster. The latter is correct. He fell at the first battle of St. Albans in 1455. His widow
married Edward IV.
Grey, Richard, Lord, son of Lady Elizabeth Grey, character in
Richard III., first appears in i. 3 ; sent to execution, iii. 3, 4; his
ghost, v. 3. The Greys were hated as upstarts by the family of York,
and the favour shown them by Edward IV. intensified the feeling.
Grey, Sir Thomas, character in Henry V. He conspires with
Cambridge and Scroop to murder the king, and is exposed and ordered to execution in ii. 2. The conspiracy is mentioned in the
prologue to the act.
Grey, Thomas. See DORSET.
Greyhounds, race by, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 1.
Grief(s), beauty's canker, The Tempest, i. 2 ; unspeakable, Comedy of Errors, i. 1 ; every one can master a, but he that has it, Much
Ado about Nothing, iii. 2 ; one in, easily led, Much Ado about Nothing, iv. 1; comfort in patch with proverbs, Much Ado about Nothing, v. 1 ; that burns worse than tears drown, A Winter's Tale, ii. 1 ;
what's past help, should be past, A Winter's Tale, Hi. 2 ; I. Henry
IV., Hi. 3; III. Henry VI., v.4; Macbeth, in. 2; Othello, i. 3; a
throne, King John, Hi. 1 ; fills the room of the absent, King John, Hi.
4 ; boundeth, Richard II., i. 2 ; counterfeit, Richard II., i. 4 ; shadows of, Richard II., ii. 2 ; king of my, Richard II., iv. 1 ; eased by
speech, Richard III., iv. 4> Macbeth, iv. 3 ; a glistering, Henry
VI II., ii. 3 ; overflowing, Titus Andronicus, Hi. 1; one, cured by
another, Romeo and Juliet, i. 2 ; much of, shows some want of wit,
Romeo and Juliet, Hi. 5 ; sin of excessive, Hamlet, i. 2 ; Hi. 2 ; expression of, Hamlet, v. 1 ; fellowship in, King Lear, Hi. 6 ; full of, as age,
King Lear, ii. 4 i to deal alone with, King Lear, iv. 3 ; folly of, for
cureless ills, Othello, i. 3 ; great, medicine the less, Cymbeline, iv.
2; our own forgotten in others', Pericles, i. 4 ; hath two tongues,
Venus and Adonis, I. 1007 ; testy, Lucrece, I. 1094; best society for,
Lucrece, I. 1111 ; dallied with, Lucrece, I. 1120 ; at grievances foregone, Sonnet xxx. ; the greatest first, Sonnet xc ; blows a man up, Z
Henry IV., ii. 4; weighed with wrongs, //. Henry IV., iv. 1; softens the mind, //. Henry IV., iv. 4 ; moderation in, Troilus and
Cressida, iv. 4 ; speechless, Macbeth, iv. 3. See SORROW and TEARS.
Griffith, Richard, Queen Katherine's gentleman usher in Henry
VI1L, introduced in ii. 4; his eulogy on Wolsey, iv. 2.
Grise (step, degree), Othello, i. 3, and elsewhere.
Grissel, Taming of the Shrew, ii. 1. The patient Griselda,
whose story is told by Boccaccio and by Chaucer.
Groans, Richard II., i.2 ; v. 1; Lear, Hi. 2 ; of a deer, As You
Like It, ii. 1.
Groat, a half-faced, King John, i. 1. A coin first issued in the
reign of Henry VII., having a profile on it.
Groom, of Richard II., a faithful servant who comes to the deposed king in prison, and expresses his grief because Richard's horse
had carried Henry on his coronation-day.
Groundlings, split the ears of, Hamlet, Hi. 2.
Grudge, to 'feed an ancient. Merchant of Venice, i. 3.
Grumio, an oddly witty servant of Petruchio in the Taming of
the Shrew, introduced in i. 2.
Gualtree Forest, II. Henry IV., iv. 1.
Guarded (trimmed), Merchant of Venice, ii. 2, and elsewhere.
Guards, priestly, princely, or precise. Measure for Measure, Hi.
1. The original reads prenzie, variously supposed to be a mistake for the three words above. Guards were facings or trimmings, and the passage refers to the decorousness of the deputy's dress. Precise was used in the sense of puritanical.
Guiana, a region in, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 3.
Guiderius and Arviragus, sons of Cymbeline, introduced in
Hi. 3. They pass under the names of Polydore and Cadwal as sons
of Belarius, who stole them in their infancy in revenge for his banishment. Their longing for war, iv. 4i bravery, v. 3 ; they are discovered and knighted, v. 5.
Guildenstern, a courtier in Hamlet, introduced in ii. 2. See
ROSENCRANTZ.
Guildford, Sir Henry, character in Henry VIIL, introduced in
. 4, son of one of the Guildfords mentioned in Richard III.
Guildfords, the, Richard III., iv. 4. Sir John and his son Sir
Eichard.
Guildhall, Richard III., Hi. 5.
Guilt, consciousness of, King John, iv. 2 ; jealousy of, Hamlet,
iv. 5 (or 2} ; revelations of, in the tempest, King Lear, Hi. 2 ; who
is quite free from, Othello, Hi. 3 ; to be read in the face, Othello, v.
1 ; makes cowardly, Cymbeline, v. 2. See CONSCIENCE, REMORSE.
Guines, in Picardy, Henry VIIL, i. 1.
Guinevere, Love's Labours Lost, iv. 1. The wife of King Arthur.
Gulls (fools), Twelfth Night, v. 1 ; Henry V., Hi. 6 ; Timon of
Athens, ii. 1 ; Othello, v. 2 ; also used for a trick, as in Much Ado
about Nothing, ii. 3; I. Henry IV., v. 1, "That ungentle gull."
Gull is a provincial name for a nestling.
Gun-stones. See CANNON-BALLS.
Gurnet, a soused, I. Henry IV., iv. 2. Used as a term of contempt. A gurnet is a sea-fish used for food.
Gurney, James, servant of Lady Faulconbridge in King John,
appears in the first scene.
Guy, Sir, Henry VIIL, v. 3. Sir Guy of Warwick, a crusader of
the tenth century, of whose prowess fabulous stories were told.
Haberdasher, a, a character in The Taming of the Shrew, iv. 3.
Habit, Two Gentlemen of Verona, v. 4 ; Hamlet, Hi. 4 ; Othello,
i.3.
Hack. See KNIGHTHOOD.
Hacket, Marian and Cicely, an alewife and her maid, mentioned, Taming of the Shrew, induction, 2.
Haggards (wild hawks), Much Ado about Nothing, Hi. 1; Taming of the Shrew, iv. 1 ; Twelfth Night, Hi. 1 ; Othello, Hi. 3.
Hair, the, raised with fright, The Tempest, i. 2; II. Henry VI.,
Hi. 2; Richard III., i. 3 ; Macbeth, i. 3; v. 5; Hamlet, Hi. 4; of
professions, Merry Wives of Windsor, H. 3 ; why time takes, more,
than wit, Comedy of Errors, H. 2 ; Two Gentlemen of Verona, Hi.
2; golden, Merchant of Venice, i. 1; false, Merchant of Venice, Hi.
2; Henry V., Hi. 7; Timon of Athens, iv. 3, "Thatch your poor,
thin roofs," etc. ; Sonnet Ixviii. ; flaxen, Twelfth Night, i. 3 ; conceit of friendship in, King John, Hi. 4 ; used for character, complexion, I. Henry IV., iv. 1; of Judas, As You Like It, Hi. 4; allusion to the belief that a hair turns to a snake in water, Antony and
Cleopatra, i. 2 ; dishevelled, Lover's Complaint, I. 29.
Hal, Prince. See HENRY V.
Halcyon beaks, King Lear, ii. 2. Allusion to the belief that
the turns of the halcyon's beak indicate changes in the weather.
Halcyon days, I. Henry VI., i. 2. These were fourteen days
in winter, when, as was supposed, the halcyon builds its nest, and
the sea is calm. Hence it is used for days of peace.
Half Can, a prisoner, Measure for Measure, iv. 3.
Half Moon, a room in an inn, /. Henry IV., ii. 4.
Halidom (holy dame or holy dom f), Henry VIII., v. 1.
Hallowmas (All-Saints' Day), Richard II., v. 1 ; a beggar at,
Two Gentlemen of Verona ii. 1, 2.
Hamlet is introduced in i. 2 of the play of the name. Amlettus,
Amleth, and Hamblet are older forms of the name. In i. 4 he sees
the ghost of his father, and in i. 5 learns the manner of his death
and vows revenge ; his soliloquy, Hi. 1 ; he learns by his artifice with
the players, Hi. 2, that there is no mistake about the king's guilt ;
feigns madness, kills Polonius by mistake for the king, Hi. 4 ; is sent
to England, iv. 3 ; returns, iv. 6 ; at Ophelia's grave, v. 1 ; fights
with Laertes arid dies, v. 2.
" I believe the character of Hamlet may be traced to Shakespeare's
deep and accurate science in mental philosophy. Indeed, that this
character must have some connection with the common fundamental
laws of our nature may be assumed from the fact that Hamlet has
been the darling of every country in which the literature of England
has been fostered. . . .lln Hamlet he seems to have wished to exemplify the moral necessity of a due balance between our attention to
the objects of our senses, and our meditation on the workings of our
minds, an equilibrium between the real and the imaginary worlds.
In Hamlet this balance is disturbed ; his thoughts and the images of
his fancy are far more vivid than his actual impressions, and his very perceptions, instantly passing through the medium of his contemplations, acquire as they pass a form and a colour not naturally their
own. Hence we see a great, an almost enormous intellectual activity,
and a proportionate aversion to real action consequent upon it, with
all its symptoms and accompanying qualities. This character Shakespeare places in circumstances where it is obliged to act on the spur
of the moment ; Hamlet is brave and careless of death ; but he vacillates from sensibility and procrastinates from thought, and loses the power of action in the energy of resolve. . . . Shakespeare seems to mean all Hamlet's character to be brought together before his final disappearance from the scene ; his meditative excess in the gravedigging, his yielding to passion with Laertes, his love for Ophelia blazing out, his tendency to generalize on all occasions in the dialogue with Horatio, his fine gentlemanly manners with Osric, and his and Shakespeare's own fondness for presentiment : ' But thou wouldst not think how ill all's here about my heart : but it is no matter.' " COLERIDGE.
Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, a tragedy first published in 1603
in a meagre form, either Shakespeare's first draft of the play, or an
unauthorized version made up from parts supplied to actors, probably the former. In its enlarged form it appeared in 1604, and in two or three later editions before the folio of 1623 was published.
The first appearance of the story of Hamlet, so far as is known, was
in the " Historia Danica " of Saxo Grammaticus, a Danish historian,
who wrote it about 1204. A version of the story in Italian by Bandello was translated into French by Belleforest, from which it was
rendered into English, though no earlier edition of the English translation is known than one of 1608. Besides these there was an older
play in English on the subject, which has not come down to us. In
the " Hystorie of Hamblet " the time is placed before the introduction of Christianity into Denmark, and in fact before Christ. Shakespeare leaves the time indefinite, though the characters are Christians.
The period of action seems to be but a few months. None of the
plays has excited more interest or more study and criticism. There
is an opinion that the main characters were intended for portraits
more or less exact of personages of Shakespeare's own time, Hamlet
himself being referred to Sir Philip Sidney.
Hames Castle, III. Henry VI., v. 5.
Hampton, Henry V., ii. 2.
Hand, in any (at any rate), All's Well that Ends Well, Hi. 6.
Hand-fast (troth-plight), Cymbeline, i. 5.
Hand(s), Cressida's, Troilus and Cressida, i. 1 ; indications in,
Comedy of Errors, Hi. 2 ; Merchant of Venice, ii. 2 ; Othello, Hi. 4;
Antony and Cleopatra, i. 2; beauty of, Venus and Adonis, I. 361; Lucrece, 1. 393 ; blood on, Macbeth, ii.2; v. 1; Richard 11., ii. 1 ; proper fellow of my (tall and well made), II. Henry IV., ii. 2; Winter's Tale, v. 2.
Handkerchief, Desdemona's, Othello, Hi. 3, 4.
Handwriting, a fair, held base, Hamlet, v. 2.
Hanged, born to be, The, Tempest, i. 1 ; v. 1 ; Two Gentlemen
of Verona, i. 1 ; never undone till, Two Gentlemen of Verona, ii. 5.
Hanger-on, a, Much Ado about Nothing, i. 1.
Hanging, comfort in, Cymbeline, v. 4 / many a good, prevents a
bad marriage, Twelfth Night, i. 5.
Hannibal, Measure for Measure, ii. 1 ; I. Henry VI., i. 5.
Happiness, seen through another's eyes, As You Like It, v. 2 ;
achieved in not being over-happy, Hamlet, ii. 2 ; by virtue, Taming
of the Shrew, i. 1 ; brevity of, Lucrece, I. 22 ; of kings, Henry V.,
iv. 1 ; absolute, Othello, ii. 1.
Happy man be his dole, proverbial expression, Taming of the
Shrew, i. 1, and elsewhere.
Harcourt, character in II. Henry IV., first appears in iv. 4.
He is on the side of the king, and brings news of Northumberland's
defeat. Perhaps Sir Thomas Harcourt. who was Sheriff of Berkshire.
Hardships, cheerful acceptance of, Henry V., iv. 1.
Hare, the melancholy, /. Henry IV., i. 2 ; the hunted, Venus
and Adonis, I. 679, et seq.
Harebell, the, Cymbeline, iv. 2.
Hare-lip, Midsummer Night's Dream, v. 2 ; Lear, Hi. 4. Supposed to be caused by malignant fairies.
Harfleur, in France, six miles from Havre, scene of a part of
Henry V. ; its surrender, Hi. 3.
Harfleur, Governor of, a character in Henry V., first appears in
Hi. 3, where he surrenders the town to the English (1415).
Ha'rford West (Haverford West), Richard III., iv. 5.
Hark, hark, the lark, song, Cymbeline, ii. 3.
Harm, to do, is often laudable, Macbeth, iv. 2.
Harmony, in parts working to one end, Henry V., i. 2 ; of the
spheres, Merchant of Venice, v. 1.
Harpy, like the, Pericles, iv. 3 (or 4).
Haste, too great, Coriolanus, Hi. 1, " unscanned swiftness."
Hastings, Lord, character in //. Henry IV., first appears in i.
3. He is one of the party opposed to the king. He was not Lord
but Sir Ralph Hastings.
Hastings, William, Lord, character in 111. Henry VI., introduced in iv. 1; and again in Richard III., introduced in i. 1. He was a favourite of Edward IV., and supposed himself to be in favour with Richard, who, however, ordered him to execution, Hi. 4, probably because he saw that Hastings would not go with him in his intended crimes against his nephews. The accusations made against him are in Hi. 5, 6 ; his ghost appears to Richard, v. 3. The character of Hastings in the play is frank, open, and unsuspicious ; on his way to execution he recalls the curses invoked on him by Queen
Margaret for looking on at the murder of her son, i. 3. It was not he, but his son, Edward Hastings, who married the daughter of Sir Thomas Hungerford (iv. 1). Lord William Hastings rebuilt the castle of Ashby de la Zouch, mentioned in " Ivanhoe."
Hat, a fantastic, Taming of the Shrew, Hi. 2.
Hatched, in silver, Troilus and Cressida, i. 3. Inlaid with fine
lines of silver.
Hatred, Shylock's, for Antonio, Merchant of Venice, i. 3 ; Hi.
3 ; of a tyrant, Richard III., i. 1 ; iv. 4; of Aufidius, Coriolanus,
t. 10 ; Hi. 1 ; of the plebeians, Coriolanus, ii. 1 ; of the race, Macbeth, iv. 3, " Had I power," etc. ; nought in, Othello, v. 2 ; not for
you, Sonnet codv ; Margaret's, for York, III. Henry VI., i. 4*
Haud credo (I do not believe), Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 2.
Have I caught my heavenly jewel ? Merry Wives of Windsor, Hi. 3. Quotation from Sidney's " Arcadia."
Havoc, cry, King John, ii. 1 ; Coriolanus, Hi. 1 ; Julius Ccesar,
Hi. 1 ; a signal for slaughter.
Hawking, allusions to : prune herself and. bristle up the crest,
/. Henry IV., i. 1 ; you must be watched, Troilus and Cressida, Hi.
2 ; hawks were tamed by being kept from sleeping. See also FALCONRY.
Hawthorn-buds (ladies' men), Merry Wives of Windsor, Hi. 3.
Hay (a boisterous dance). Love's Labour's Lost, v. 1.
Hazard, edge of, All's WeU that Ends Well, Hi. 3.
Head, the gate of the mind, King Lear, v. 4.
Head, of the first (in its fifth year), Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 2.
Heart, a merry, goes all the way, song, A Winter's Tale, iv. 2.
Heart-break, Antony and Cleopatra, iv. 12 or 14.
Heart(s), how won, /. Henry IV., Hi. 2 ; a good, Henry V., v.
# /'flinty, Richard III., i. 3 ; a thousand, Richard III., v. 3 ; seat
of the brains (an old belief), Coriolanus, i. 1 ; for the event, Coriolanus, ii. 1 ; ruddy drops that visit my sad, Julius Ccesar, ii. 1 ;
throw away the worser part, Hamlet, Hi. 4 ; now cracks a noble, Hamlet, v. 2; cause in nature for hard, King Lear, Hi. 6 ; burst
smilingly, King Lear, v. 3 ; wear my, upon my sleeve, Othello, i. 1 ;
pursed up his, Antony and Cleopatra, ii. 2; empty of all but grief,
Cymbeline, Hi. 4 ; a quiet cabinet seat of sensation, Lucrece, I. 442 ;
a light, lives long, Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2 ; courage of an innocent, II. Henry VI., Hi. 1, 2.
Heaven, served worse than self, Measure for Measure, ii. 2 ;
splits the oak rather than the myrtle, Measure for Measure, ii. 2 ;
in the mouth, evil in the heart, Measure for Measure, ii. 4 ,' an ambassador to, Measure for Measure, in. 1 ; the sword of, Measure for
Measure, Hi. 2 ; appeal to the justice of, Measure for Measure, v.
1; help of, All's Well that Ends Well, i. 1, last paragraph ; ii. 1;
recognition in, King John, Hi. 4 / comfort in, Richard II., ii. 2 ;
aids given by, Richard II., Hi. 2, 3 ; help of, ///. Henry VI,, iv. 1 ;
Pericles, i. 4; o'er our heads, Richard II., Hi. 3 ; above all yet,
Henry VIII., Hi. 1 ; deaf to sorrow, Titus Andronicus, iv. 1 ; tempting, Julius Ccesar, i. 3 ; no bribery before, Hamlet, Hi. 3 ; appeal to,
King Lear, ii. 4 > judgment of, King Lear, v. 3 ; fire from, Pericles,
ii. 4.
Hebenon (henbane ?), Hamlet, i. 5.
Hecate, in Macbeth, appears in Hi. 5 ; iv. 1; that railing, 1.
Henry VI., Hi. 2 ; ban of, Hamlet, Hi. 2 ; King Lear, i. 1.
Hector, son of Priam, the great Trojan hero, and one of the
most exalted characters in classic literature, is introduced in Troilus
and Cressida, i. 2, where he is described, and said to have been struck
down by Ajax. His challenge to the Greeks, *. 8 ; fight with Ajax,
iv. 5 ; bravery in the field, v. 5 ; his death, v. 9; dragged by Achilles,
v. 10; mentioned, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 3 ; ii. 3 ; Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2 ; II. Henry IV., ii. 4; Coriolanus, i. 3, 8; I.
Henry VI., ii. 3 ; III. Henry VI., iv. 8; Antony and Cleopatra, iv.
8 ; in a painting, Lucrece, lines 1430, I486.
Hecuba, Queen, Troilus and Cressida, i. 2 ; Coriolanus, i. 3 ;
Titus Andronicus, iv. 1 ; Cymbeline, iv. 2 ; witnessing Priam's death
an actor's grief for, Hamlet, ii. 2 ; in a painting, Lucrece, lines
1447, 1450, I486.
Hedge (as a verb), Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 2, and elsewhere.
Hedgehogs, or urchins, Midsummer Night's Dream, ii. 2;
Richard III., i. 2; Macbeth, iv. 1; Tempest, ii. 2.
Hedge-priest, Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2, " The pedant, the braggart," etc.
Hefts (heavings), A Winter's Tale, ii. 1.
Heigh-ho ! (refrain of a song), As You Like It. ii. 7.
Heirloom, an, All's Well that Ends Well, iv. 2; v. 2.
Helen, wife of Menelaus, King of Sparta. She chose him from
among many suitors, all of whom took an oath, before her decision
was made, to defend and avenge her if necessary, whatever her
choice might be. Paris persuaded her to elope with him to Troy,
and from this arose the Trojan war. She is talked of in Troilus
and Cressida, i. 2 ; the question of giving her up discussed in ii.
2 ; she is introduced in Hi. 1; at the end of iv. 1, Diomedes bitterly
estimates her cost to Greece and Troy; mentioned, As You Like
It. Hi. 2, song ; All's Well that Ends Well, i. 3, song ; III. Henry
VI., ii. 2; Lucrece, I. 13Q8 ; Sonnet liii; Midsummer Night's
Dream, v. 1.
Helen, Imogen's attendant in Cymbeline, introduced in ii. 2.
Helena, character in Midsummer Night's Dream, introduced in
i. 1. She is in love with Demetrius, who loves Hermia, who again is
.in love with Lysander. Lysander returns Hermia's love, except for
a short time, when he is under the enchantment produced by the
fairies, when he loves Helena. In her self-distrust she thinks it is a
jest put upon her by Hermia and her lover. In character she is
gentler than Hermia, but not altogether generous, as she runs off to
tell of Hermia's elopement. The smaller girl, in her jealousy, calls
/Helena a " painted Maypole."
Helena, heroine. -of All's Well that Ends Well, introduced in
'the first scene. Taking the repulsive role of the heroine of the original tale, Shakespeare has portrayed a character of great sweetness and
strength. Helena is at the same time clever and self-sacrificing,
meek and high-spirited, willing to renounce if necessary, and yet
quick to see the way to win, and firm and clear-headed in availing
herself of it. Many of the most beautiful passages of the play are
put into her mouth and express her "pious trust and persevering,
steadfast nature, which from her youth up, on account of her lowly
position, has rendered her self-dependent," the depth and at the
same time the straightforward simplicity of her character.
Helenus, son of Priam, character in Troilus and Cressida, introduced in i. 2 ; satirized by Troilus, ii. 2.
Helicanus, a lord of Tyre, in Pericles, introduced in i. 2. He is
an adviser of the prince; refuses the crown, .ii. 4. "A figure of truth, of faith, of loyalty,"
Helicons, //. Henry IV., v. 3. Helicon was the mountain of
the Muses.
Hell, set on fire, Merry Wives of Windsor, v. 5 ; cunning livery
of, Measure for Measure, Hi. 1 ; gate of, Much Ado about Nothing,
ii. 1; what hole in, hot enough, 1. Henry IV., i. 2 ; a fate to remind of, /. Henry IV., Hi. 3 ; dream of, Richard III., i. 4,' the
porter imagines himself keeper of the gate of, Macbeth, ii. 3.
Hell (cant for prison), Comedy of Errors, iv. 2.
Hellespont, the, Two Gentlemen of Verona, i. 1. The strait
between the Mediterranean and the Sea of Marmora,
Hemlock, Macbeth, iv. 1 ; perhaps the " insane root " mentioned in Macbeth, i. 3.
Henry, Kings, IV., V., VI., and VIII., dramas of. See KING
HENRY IV., etc.
Henry, Prince, son of King John, appears in the last scene of
King John, speaking as a man. In truth, he was but nine years old
when his father died in 1216. He reigned under the title of Henry
III.
Henry IV., first of the Lancastrian kings. He was the son of
John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, and was born in 1366, died in 1413.
He is a character in Richard II., as well as in the plays that bear
his name. In the former play he is called Bolingbroke, a title given
him from the name of the town where he was born. He was Duke
of Hereford during Richard's reign. In Richard II. he appears in
the first scene in a quarrel with Norfolk concerning the murder of
his uncle, the Duke of Gloucester. His meeting with Norfolk, i.
3. His intended marriage is spoken of in ii. 1. He was to marry
the cousin of the French king, but Richard hearing of it sent Salisbury to prevent it. Richard was forced to resign the crown, and
Henry was proclamed, iv. 1. A plot against his life was discovered
by York, v. 2. In /. Henry IV. he is introduced in the first scene ;
in II. Henry IV. in Hi. 1. The rebellion of the Percys and their
party embittered his reign, and the wildness of his eldest son was a
continual grief to him evils which he believed sent on him in punishment of his usurpation and in fulfilment of the curse of Richard
II. He intended to go on a crusade, but was prevented by the rebellion. A prophecy had told him he was to die in Jerusalem a
prophecy he understood when he found that the chamber where he
was taken with his last illness was called the Jerusalem Chamber,
after a fashion of naming the rooms of inns. Henry IV. is brave
and wise in action, but at times morbid, distrustful, and suspicious ;
prompt and noble at decisive moments, he frets away his leisure with
remorse and apprehension.
Henry V., called Henry of Monmouth and Prince Hal, son of
Henry IV., born at Monmouth in 1388, reigned from 1413 to 1422.
He is a character in the two parts of Henry IV., as well as in the
play that bears his name. His dissoluteness is spoken of in Hichard
II., v. 3, where he is mentioned as a young man, though in reality
only eleven years of age at that time. In /. Henry IV. he is introduced in i. 2, and his mad pranks with his wild comrades are
represented in that play. In act v. he shows unexpected bravery in
the battle of Shrewsbury. In II. Henry IV. he appears first in
ii. 2. In the close of that scene he soliloquizes on the company he
keeps and his reasons and intentions. He is described by Falstaff in
ii. 4. His father's forebodings as to his reign are expressed in iv. 4 /
those of the Chief Justice, in v. 2. At his father's death he reforms,
v. 2 and 5 ; dismisses his low companions, and becomes one of the
most successful and the best loved of English sovereigns. His
versatility, Henry V., i. 1 ; his reputation, ii. 4; among his soldiers,
iv., chorus ; his piety, iv. 1, 8 ; v., chorus ; at Agincourt, act iv. ; his
wooing, v. 2 ; his funeral, /. Henry VI., i. 1 ; his wars in France,
//. Henry VI., i. 1.
" The prince, whom Shakespeare admires and loves more than
any other person in English history, afterward to become Shakespeare's
ideal King of England, cares little for mere reputation. He does not
think much of himself and of his own honour ; and while there is
nothing to do, and his great father holds all power in his own right
hand, Prince Hal escapes from the cold proprieties of the court to
the boisterous life and mirth of the tavern. He is, however, only
waiting for a call to action, and Shakespeare declares that from the
first he was conscious of his great destiny, and, while seeming to
scatter his force in frivolity, was holding his true self, well guarded,
in reserve." DOWDEN.
Henry VI., King (1421-1471), character in the three plays that
bear his name. He was but nine months old when his father died,
though in the first part, Hi. 4, he speaks of remembering what his
father said of Talbot. He is introduced in Hi. 1 ; his coronation at
Paris (December 17, 1431), first part, iv. 1 ; his marriage with Margaret
of Anjou (1445), second part, i. 1 ; his bookish rule, second part, i. 1,
end ; his piety, *'. 3 ; York's opinion of him, v. i ; his cowardice,
third part, i. 1; his leniency and conscientiousness, ii. 2; his ill
success in the field, ii. 2, 5 ; his weakness, ii. 6 ; his return from
Scotland (1465) and capture, Hi. 1, 2. In iv. 6, he makes a prophecy
concerning Richmond (Henry VII.), who when he became king asked
the pope to canonize Henry VI. on account of it ; but the pope refused, on the ground that Henry's saintliness was united with so
much weakness that to canonize him would bring saintship into contempt. His kindness to his subjects, third part, iv. 8 ; his death, v.
6. During his reign England lost all that she had gained in France
under Henry V., and all that was done to save his crown at home
was done by his queen who, however, was very unpopular and by
the partisans of his house. They were successful in the battle of
Wakefield, but were defeated at St. Albans, Bloreheath, Northampton,
Towton, Hexham, Barnet, and Tewksbury. It was commonly believed that Henry was killed by Gloucester, as in the play. The removal of his body to Chertsey, Richard III., i. 2 ; his ghost, v. 3.
Henry VII. See RICHMOND.
Henry VIII. (1491-1547), King, enters in the second scene of
the play that bears his name. The divorce from Katherine is talked
of in ii. 1, is the subject of ii. 2, and is tried in ii. 4 ; his marriage
with Anne Boleyn, Hi. 2 ; befriending of Cranmer, v. 3.
" Henry, if we judge him sternly, is cruel and self-indulgent ; but
Shakespeare will hardly allow us to judge Henry sternly. He is a
lordly figure, with a full, abounding strength of nature, a self-confidence, an ease and mastery of life, a power of effortless sway, and
seems born to pass on in triumph over those who have fallen and are
afflicted." DOWDEN.
Henry IV., of France, Comedy of Errors, Hi. 2. Allusion to
the war in regard to his succession, 1589-'93.
Hent, a more horrid, Hamlet. Hi. 3. Hold, opportunity, or to
take hold, Measure for Measure, iv. 6.
Henton (or Hopkins), Nicholas, Henry VIII., i. 1, 2 ; ii. 1. His
name was Hopkins, the name of the monastery Henton.
Herald, at a masquerade, Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2.
Heraldry, allusions to : bear for a difference. A difference is
a mark added to a coat of arms to distinguish branches of a family
or the sons of one family, Much Ado about Nothing, i. 1; my golden
coat, Lucrece, I. 205, an anachronism ; our new, Othello, Hi. 4. Allusion to the red hand on the arms of Ulster, which were placed on
the escutcheon of baronets of a new order instituted by James I.
for the purpose of subduing Ulster ; the dozen white luces in their
coat, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 1. The arms of the Lucy family
(q. v.} bore three pikes or luces.
Herbert, Sir Walter, character in Richard 111., first appears in
v. 2 ; mentioned in iv. 5 as having gone to Richmond. He was a
son of the Earl of Pembroke in III. Henry VI.
Herbert, William, Earl of Pembroke. See PEMBROKE.
Herb of grace, or rue, Richard II., Hi. 4; Hamlet, iv. 5.
Herbs, to remove error, Midsummer Night's Dream, Hi. 2;
salad and nose, All's Well that Ends Well, iv. 5 ; virtues of, Romeo
and Juliet, ii. 3.
Hercules, bully, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 3 ; labours of,
Much Ado about Nothing, ii. 1, near the end ; made to turn a spit,
Much Ado about Nothing, ii. 1; Love's Labour's Lost, i. 2 ; whipping a top love a, Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 3 ; incorrectly placed
among the nine worthies, Love's Labour's Lost, v. 1, 2 ; alluded to,
Midsummer Night' s Dream, iv. 1; v. 1 ; Merchant of Venice, ii. 1 ;
invoked, As You Like It, iv. 3 ; I. Henry IV., ii. 4 ; III. Henry VI.,
ii. 1 ; if you had been the wife of, Coriolanus, iv. 1 ; did shake down
mellow fruit, Coriolanus, iv. 6, allusion to the gardens of the Hesperides ; and his load, Hamlet, ii. 2 ; Hercules bearing the globe was
the sign of the Globe Theatre ; leaving Antony, Antony and Cleopatra, iv. 3.
Hereafter, the all-hail, Macbeth, i. 5.
Heredity, none of treason, As You Like, It, i. 3; All's Well
that Ends Well, i. 1, "His sole child," etc., and "Be thou blest,
Bertram, and succeed thy father," etc.
Hereford, earldom of, promised to Buckingham, who claimed
it as his by right of inheritance from his ancestor, Thomas of Woodstock, Richard III., iii. 1 ; the promise urged, iv. 2.
Hereford, Henry of (Bolingbroke, afterward Henry IV.), Richard II., i. 1.
Heretics, could not die by drowning, Romeo and Juliet, i. 2.
Heresy, hated most by the deceived, Midsummer Night's Dream,
ii. 2 ; Cranmer accused of, Henry VIII., v. 1, 2.
Hermia, a character in the Midsummer Night's Dream. She is
beloved by Lysander and Demetrius, and loves Lysander. Her vixenish spirit comes out principally in her quarrels with the taller
and gentler Helena. She is introduced in the first scene.
Hermione, heroine of the first part of A Winter's Tale, wife of
Leontes and daughter of the Emperor of .Russia. Her character is
one of the noblest among Shakespeare's women, of mingled sweetness,
forbearance, and dignity, strong and calm. See IMOGEN.
Hermits, your (beadsmen to pray for you), Macbeth, i. 6 ; Gym-3, iii. 6, " Great men," etc.
Hermit-life, Timon of Athens, iv. 3.
Herne, the hunter, his oak in Windsor Forest, Merry Wives of Windsor, iv. 4. ; v. 5. The tree shown as Herne's oak was so decayed in 1795 that it was cut down by the king's order.
Hero, of war, a, his defects shown in peace, Coriolanus, iv. 7 ; a
pretended, Henry V., Hi. 6 ; a true, //. Henry IV., ii. 3 ; Henry
V., i. 2 ; Troilus and Cressida, iv. 5.
Hero, of Sestos, As You Like It, iv. 1 ; her tower, Two Gentlemen of Verona, Hi. 1 ; Romeo and Juliet, ii. 4.
Hero, daughter of Leonato, Governor of Messina, one of the
principal characters in Much Ado about Nothing, introduced in the
first scene. Benedick describes her appearance at about the middle
of the scene. Her mildness and gentleness are sharply contrasted
with the fire and spirit of Beatrice, but her wit and power of expression are shown in the scene, Hi. 1, where she is exaggerating her
cousin's faults, to be overheard by her, and to carry out the trick
against her and Benedick.
Herod, of Jewry, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1; Henry V.,
Hi. 2 ; Antony and Cleopatra, i. 2 ; Hi. 3, 6 ; iv. 6 ; out-Herods,
Hamlet, Hi. 2. Herod was a frequent character in the miracle-plays.
Heroines, of poetry, Romeo and Juliet, ii. 4.
Heronshaw, or hernshaw, perhaps the " hand-saw " of the proverb, Hamlet, ii. 2.
Herring, a shotten, I. Henry IV., ii. 4. One that has cast its
spawn and looks thin.
Hesperides, gardens of the, Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 3 ; Pericles, i. 1. In those gardens were the golden apples given to Juno at
her marriage by the goddess of the Earth, which were under the care
of the daughters of Hesperis, assisted by a watchful dragon.
Hesperus, sleepy lamp of, All's Well that Ends Well, ii. 1.
He that has and a little, song, King Lear, Hi. 2.
Hey Robin, song by Sir Thomas Wyatt, Twelfth Night, iv. 2.
Hie et ubique (here and everywhere), Hamlet, i. 5.
Hie ibat Simois, etc., from Ovid, Taming of the Shrew, Hi. 1.
"Here Simois flowed; here was the Sigeian land; here stood the
lofty realm of old Priam."
Hie jacet, or, AlTs Well that Ends Well, Hi. 6. " Here lies."
Hide, your, and you, King John, ii. 1. Austria was represented
as wearing the lion's skin taken from Richard.
Highwaymen, St. Nicholas's clerks Trojans, I. Henry IV., ii.
1 ; gentlemen of the shade, minions of the moon, /. Henry IV., i. 2.
See OUTLAWS.
Highway robbery, /. Henry IV., ii. 2 ; As You Like It, ii. 3.
Hilding (cowardly), //. Henry IV., i. 1; Henry V., iv. 2.
Hilding (a coarse girl), Taming of the Shrew, ii. 1.
Hill, perpendicular, o' horseback up a, I. Henry IV., ii. 4.
Hind, the, that would mate with the lion, All's Well that Ends
Well, i. 1.
Hip, to have upon the (a hunting phrase), Merchant of Venice,
i. 3 ; iv. 1.
Hippocrates, Merry Wives of Windsor, Hi. 1. A Greek physician, born about 460 B. c., called the father of medicine.
Hippolyta, Queen of the Amazons, character in the Midsummer Night 's Dream, introduced in the first scene. Her marriage to Theseus is the occasion of the festivities. In classic story Hippolyta was
slain by Hercules, who came to obtain her girdle. She would have
given it, but, under a false impression of treachery on her part, he
slew her and took it. Antiope is the name of the Queen of the Amazons whom Theseus carried off.
Hippopotamus, supposed to be the "sea monster," mentioned
in Kmg Lear, i. 4.
Hisperia, an attendant of the princess, mentioned in As You
Like It, ii. 2.
Historical Plays, the.
"It certainly seems that Shakespeare's historic dramas produced
a very deep effect on the minds of the English people, and in
earlier times they were familiar even to the least informed of all
ranks, according to the relation of Bishop Corbett. Maryborough,
we know, was not ashamed to confess that his principal acquaintance
with English history was derived from them : and I believe that a
large part of the information as to our old names and achievements
even now abroad is due, directly or indirectly, to Shakespeare." COLERIDGE.
Hit, a palpable, Hamlet, v. 2.
Hobbididence, a fiend, King Lear, iv. 1. See MAHU.
Hobby-horse, Hamlet, Hi. 2. The figure of a horse fastened to
a man, used in the morris-dance.
Hobby-horse is forgot, Love's Labours Lost, Hi. 1. A line
of an old song.
Hob nob, is his word, Twelfth Night, Hi. 4. Have or not have.
Hogs, shall I keep your, As You Like It, i. 1. Allusion to the
parable of the prodigal son. This making of Christians will raise
the price of, Merchant of Venice, Hi. 5.
Hold you there (keep yourself in that mind), Measure for
Measure, Hi. 1.
Holiday(s), if all the year were, /. Henry IV., i. 2; a beautiful,
King John, Hi. 1.
Holland, John, a follower of Jack Cade, II. Henry VI., iv. 2.
Holmedon, or Homildon Hill, September 14, 1402, battle at, I.
Henry IV., i. 1, 3, between the Scots under Douglas and the king's
troops under Hotspur.
Holofernes, a character in Love's Labour's Lost, introduced in
iv. 2, an empty, wordy pedant, characterized by the page and the
clown as having " been at a great feast of languages and stolen the
scraps," and " lived long on the alms-basket of words." He has been
supposed to be a caricature of an Italian teacher in London named
Florio, who translated Montaigne and published in 1598 a dictionary
called " A World of Words," and who had criticised the English
dramas as being " neither right comedies nor right tragedies, but
perverted histories without decorum."
Holy Land, the, I. Henry IV., i. 1.
Holy-rood day, /. Henry IV., i. 1. September 14th, feast of
the Exaltation of the Cross.
Holy thistle, Much Ado about Nothing, Hi. 4. It was used as
a specific for heart diseases.
Holy water, court (flattery), King Lear, Hi. 2.
Homage, a duke's, to a king, The Tempest, i. 1.
Home-keeping youth, Two Gentlemen of Verona, i. 1 ; Cymbeline, Hi. 3.
Homildon Hill. See HOLMEDON.
Honesty, wrangle with one's own, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii.
1 ; description of Duncan's, All's Well that Ends Well, iv. 3 ; is a
fool, A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 or 4; pretence of, Richard III., i. 3,
" Because I cannot flatter," etc. ; armed strong in, Julius Ccesar, iv.
3; rarity of, Hamlet, ii. 2; Hi. 1; A Winter's Tale, ii. 1; Timon
of Athens, iv. 3 ; honesty his fault, Timon of Athens, Hi. 1; no
puritan, All's Well that Ends Well, i. 3 ; unsafe, Othello, Hi. 3 ; a
man of, Othello, v. 2.
Honeymoon, a, Taming of the Shrew, iv. 1.
Honey-stalks, Titus Andronicus, iv. 4. Supposed to be clover.
Honi soit, etc., Merry Wives of Windsor, v. 5. " Shame to
him that thinks evil of it," the motto of the Order of the Garter.
Honorificabilitudinitatibus, not so long as, Love's Labour's
Lost, v. 1.
Honour(s), take the, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1 ; hidden in
necessity, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 2 ; that it were purchased by merit, Merchant of Venice, ii. 9 ; the knight that swore by his,
As You Like It, i. 2; perfect, All's Well that Ends Well, i. 2; real,
AW 8 Well that Ends Well, ii. 3; wins but a scar, or, All's Well that
Ends Well, Hi. 2; a woman's, The Tempest, i. 2; All's Well that
Ends Well, Hi. 5 ; iv. 2 ; life loved more than, Measure, for Measure, Hi. 1 ; I stand for, A Winter's Tale, Hi. 2 ; signs of new-made,
King John, i. 1 ; value of, Richard II., i. 1 ; shows in the meanest
habit, Taming of the Shrew, iv. 3 ; sets him off more than a mortal
seeming, Cymbeline, i. 7 ; in war and in peace, Coriolanus, Hi. 2 ;
who hates, hates the gods, Pericles, ii. 3 ; to pluck or bring up
shared with others, 7. Henry IV., i. 3 ; Falstaff's opinion of, /. Henry
IV., v. 1, end; lost, 77. Henry IV., ii. 3 ; covetous of, Henry V., iv.
3; new, Richard III., i. 3; Macbeth, i. 3; depths and shoals of,
Henry VIII., Hi. 2 ; for accidental advantages travels in a narrow
strait, Troilus and Cressida, Hi. 3; dearer than life, Troilus and
Cressida, v. 3 ; desire of, Coriolanus, i. 3 ; at difference with mercy,
Coriolanus, v. 3 ; a brow, a throne for, Romeo and Juliet, Hi. 2 ;
love of, Julius Caesar, i. 2 ; justice of a quarrel for, Hamlet, iv. 4 or
1 ; an essence not seen, Othello, iv. 1 ; all in, Othello, v. 2 ; in love,
Antony and Cleopatra, i. 3 ; before profit, Antony and Cleopatra,
ii. 7 ; if born to, show it, Pericles, iv. 6 ; appeal to, Lucrece. I. 568 ;
and death, Lucrece, lines 1032, 1051; fleeting, Sonnet xxv. See
TRUTH, REPUTATION;
Honour, riches, marriage blessing, song, The Tempest,
iv. 1.
Hood, Robin, Two Gentlemen of Verona, iv. 1 ; As You Like If,
i. 1. An English outlaw, supposed to have lived at the close of the
twelfth and beginning of the thirteenth century.
Hoodman blind (blind-man's-buff), All's Well that Ends Well,
iv. 3 ; Hamlet, Hi. 4.
Hopdance, a fiend, King Lear, Hi. 6. See MAHU.
Hope, put off, The Tempest, Hi. 3 ; a lover's staff, Two Gentlemen of Verona, Hi. 1 ; a curtal (tailless) dog, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1 ; medicine for the miserable, Measure for Measure, Hi. 1 ;
fulfilment oft comes when it is coldest, All's Well that Ends Well,
ii. 1; lined himself with, II. Henry IV., i. 3 ; is swift, Richard III.,
v. 2 ; never wholly fulfilled, Troilus and Cressida, i. 3 ; against evidence, Troilus and Cressida, v. 2 ; was the, drunk, Macbeth, i. 7 ;
at the darkest time, Macbeth, iv. 2, 3 ; cozening, Richard II., ii. 2 ;
far off, III. Henry VI., Hi. 2 ; one worth fighting for, 777. Henry
VI., v. 4.
Hopkins, Nicholas. See HENTON.
Horace, quoted, Titus Andronicus, iv. 2.
Horatio, character in Hamlet, first appears in i. 1. He is Hamlet's most intimate friend, and the only one to whom he confides the
revelations made by his father's ghost. A fine and noble character,
the ideal of a friend, warm-hearted, true, and judicious.
Horn, is dry, the, King Lear, Hi. 6. The horn cup of the beggar,
to be filled by charity with beer.
Horns, of the cuckold, allusions to, Much Ado about Nothing, i.
1 ; As You Like It, Hi. 3 ; iv. 1, 2 ; Troilus and Cressida,i. 1; and
in various other passages.
Horner, Thomas, an armourer in //. Henry VI., introduced in
i. 3, accused by his man of treason, and sentenced to single combat
with him. They fight in ii. 3. The armourer's real name was
William Catur.
Horror, a tale of, Hamlet, i. 5.
Horrors, supped full of, Macbeth, v. 5.
Horse(s), the dancing, Love's Labour's Lost, i. 2. A learned
horse belonging to one Bankes was exhibited in London in 1589. In
France he was near being taken as a sorcerer at the instance of the
Capuchins; description of a diseased, Taming of the Shrew, Hi. 2;
of that colour, Twelfth Night, ii. 3 ; praise of a, Henry V., Hi. 7 ;
my kingdom for a, Richard III., v. 4 ; ate each other, Macbeth, ii.
4 ; buttered hay for, King Lear, ii. 4 > beauty of a, Venus and
Adonis, 1. 295 ; roan Barbary, Richard II., v. 5.
Horsemanship, good, Hamlet, iv. 7 (or If) ; I. Henry IV., iv.
1; Lover's Complaint, I. 106.
Hortensio, one of the unsuccessful suitors for Bianca in the
Taming of the Shrew, introduced in i. 1. He gains admission to
her as a teacher of music under the assumed name of Licio.
Hortensius, servant of one of the creditors of Timon of Athens,
introduced in Hi. 4.
Hospitality, want of, As You Like It, ii. 4; extended, A Winter's Tale, i. 1, 2 ; v. 1; Timon of Athens, Hi. 4; abuse of, King
Lear, Hi. 7 ; Lucrece, lines 575, 842.
Host, trust of a, Macbeth, i. 7.
Host of the Garter Inn, a witty character in The Merry
Wives of Windsor, introduced in i. 3.
Hostess, a character in the induction to the Taming of the
Shrew.
Hotspur, Henry Percy, so surnamed from his quick and fiery temper, son of the Earl of Northumberland, character in Richard II., introduced in ii. 3, and in I. Henry IV., introduced in i. 3. He engages in the rebellion and is killed at Shrewsbury by Prince
Henry, v. 4. He is brave, rash, high-spirited, devoted to honour,
contemptuous toward all sentimentality and insincerity, impatient of
vanity and pretentiousness, and as impolitic as his father is crafty
and smooth. At the last moment he is deserted by his father and
deceived by his uncle Worcester, and falls in a fruitless attempt.
In /. Henry IV., Hi. 2, he is described by the king, and there represented as of about the same age as the prince, though really twenty
years older.
Hounds, description of, Midsummer Night's Dream, iv. 1 ; fell
and cruel, Twelfth Night, i. 1, allusion to the story of Actaeon (q. v.) ;
Venus and Adonis, I. 913. See HUNTING.
Hour-glass, allusions to the, The Tempest, i. 2 ; Merchant of
Venice, i. 1 ; Henry V., i., chorus ; Cymbeline, Hi. 2.
Hours, of youth and age, Sonnet v. ; lovers', Othello, iii. 4.
House, taken when the prop is taken, Merchant of Venice, iv. 1 /
a desolate, Richard II., ii. 2 ; an unfinished, //. Henry 1 V., i. 3 ; a
rich, II. Henry IV., v. 3 ; in the rocks, Cywio'eline, iii. 3.
Howard, John. See NORFOLK.
Howard, Thomas. See SURREY.
How can I then return in happy plight, Sonnet xxviii.
How can my muse want subject to invent, Sonnet xxxviii.
How careful was I, Sonnet xlviii.
How heavy do I journey, Sonnet I.
How like a winter hath my absence been, Sonnet xcvii.
How oft, when thou, my music, Sonnet cxxviii.
How sweet and lovely, Sonnet xcv.
How should I your true love, song, Hamlet, iv. 5 or 2.
Hoxes (cuts the hamstrings of), A Winter's Tale, i. 2.
Hubert de Burgh, a character in King John, introduced in iii.
3. He was the king's chamberlain, and in point of descent and of
power was regarded as the greatest subject in Europe during this
and the succeeding reigns The scene between him and Prince Arthur is exquisitely pathetic, iv. 1.
Hugger-mugger in (stealthily), Hamlet, iv. 5 (or 2).
Humanity, must prey upon itself, King Lear, iv. 2.
Human nature, Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 3, " God amend us,"
etc. ; depravity of, Henry VIII., v. 2, " We all are man's," etc. ; Timon of Athens, i. 2 ; iv. 3, " All is oblique," etc.
Hume, John, a priest in II. Henry VI., introduced in i. 2. He
is playing a double part for money.
Humility, Measure for Measure, ii. 4, " Let me be ignorant,"
etc. ; the witness of excellency, Much Ado about Nothing, ii. 3 ; of
a great man, All's Well that Ends Well, i. 2; the base string of, Henry IV., ii.4; becoming in time of peace, Henry V., iii.l;
Henry V., v. 1, " Being free from vainness," etc. ; God thanked for,
Richard III., ii. 1 ; the ladder of ambition, Julius Ccesar, ii. 1 ;
despised, Othello, i. 1, " You shall mark many," etc. ; base, Richard
II. v. 1; refusal to assume, Coriolanus, ii. 1; the beetle often safer
than the eagle, Cymbeline, Hi. 3.
Humour of Forty Fancies, Taming of the Shrew, Hi. 2.
Thought to be a collection of ballads.
Humour(s), all, from Adam to this pupil age, /. Henry IV., ii.
4 ; every, has his adjunct pleasure, Sonnet xci. ; claw no man in his,
Much Ado about Nothing, i. 3. The favourite catchword of Nym.
Humourous (capricious or ill-natured), As You Like It, i* 2 ; ii. 3.
Humphrey, Duke, of Gloucester, called the good Duke Humphrey, character in II. Henry JK, where he is Prince Humphrey
and takes little part in the play, and in the first and second parts of
Henry VI., introduced in the opening scene of each. He was uncle
of the infant king, and protector. His quarrel with the Cardinal of
Winchester, /. Henry VI., i. 1, 3. His ambition for England's
glory in foreign war, which made him a favorite with the people, is
expressed in //. Henry VI., i. 1. His death resolved upon, Hi. 1 ;
accomplished, Hi. 2 ; his ghost, Hi. 2, 3.
" Duke Humphrey, of Gloucester, who appears in the second part
totally different from the Gloucester of the first, is invested with
the great qualities of consummate mildness and benevolence, with a
Solomon-like wisdom, with freedom from all ambition, and with
severe, Brutus-like justice toward every one, even his wife, in whose
last dishonour he notwithstanding shares as a private character. . . .
There is too much noble and quiet grandeur in Humphrey for us
not to be grieved at his fall, which appears merely an exemplification of the fable of the lamb that had troubled the wolf's water. . . .
At the moment of his fall he too late becomes keen-sighted, and predicts his own ruin and that of his king." GERVINUS.
Humphrey Hour (or Hower), Richard III., iv. 4. A puzzle
to the commentators. No satisfactory explanation has been given.
"Hundred Merry Tales," Much Ado about Nothing, ii. 1.
Name of a jest-book.
Hungarian wight (gipsy), Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 3.
Hungary, King of. See CORVINUS.
Hunger, Coriolanus, i. 1 ; makes food savoury, Cymbeline, Hi. 6.
Hungerford, Lord, I. Henry VI., i. 1.
Hunt, a, Titus Andronicus, ii. 2 ; Venus and Adonis, 1. 870, et seq.
Hunting, terms of, and allusions to : uncape (let loose), Merry
Wives of Windsor, Hi. 3; trail open, Merry Wives of Windsor, iv.
2 ; counter dry foot, Comedy of Errors, iv. 2 ; recheat, Much Ado
about Nothing, i. 1; hunting-scenes, Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 1;
Midsummer Night 's Dream, iv. 1 ; on the hip, Merchant of Venice,
i. 3 ; cruelty of, As You Like It, ii. 1; dogs for, Taming of the
Shrew, induction, 1, 2 ; embossed (foaming at the mouth), All's Well
that Ends Well, Hi. 6 ; and elsewhere ; metaphors from, Twelfth
Night, i. 1 ; " all with purpled hands," King John, ii. 1 or 2, allusion to the custom for all in the chase to dye their hands in the
blood of the game ; before the game's afoot, thou still let'st slip,
/. Henry IV., i. 3 ; hunt-counter (hunter going backward on the
trace), //. Henry IV., i. 2 ; coward dogs, Henry V., ii. 4> & little
herd, etc., /. Henry VI., iv. 2 ; razed, Richard III., Hi. 2 ; rascal,
worst in blood, Coriolanus, i. 1 ; full of vent (eager, as at first scent),
Coriolanus, iv. 5 ; hunt's-up (a reveille on the morning of a hunt),
Borneo and Juliet, Hi. 5 ; recover the wind of one (get the animal to
run with the wind, that it may not know it is pursued), Hamlet, Hi.
2; this is counter, Hamlet, iv. 5 (or 2)', "This quarry cries on
havoc," Hamlet, v. 2, an unnecessary amount of game killed by raw
huntsmen ; putting on (inciting) trash (hold back by a trash or halter), Othello, ii. 1 ; fills up the cry, Othello, ii. 3 ; to be unbent,
Cymbeline, Hi. 4 ; dangers of, Venus and Adonis, lines 673, 883.
Huntingdon, John Holland, Eaj-1 of, addressed in Henry V.,
v. 2, one of the king's council.
Husband(s), reproaches to a, Comedy of Errors, ii. 2 ; v. 1;
compared to an elm, Comedy of Errors, ii. 2; duty of a, Comedy of
Errors, Hi. 2 ; Christian, Merchant of Venice, iv. 1 ; duty to a, Taming of the Shrew, v. 2 ; Othello, i. 3 ; should be older than their
wives like fools, Twelfth Night, Hi. 1; that cannot stay the
tongues of their wives, A Winter's Tale, ii. 3, " Hang all the,"
etc. ; treachery to a contrast between a first and second, Hamlet, Hi.
4 ,' injustice of, Othello, iv. 3, end.
Husbandry (economy), in heaven, Macbeth, ii. 1; borrowing
dulls the edge of, Hamlet, i. 3.
Hybla, bees of, I. Henry IV., i. 2; Julius Ccesar, v. 1. Hybla,
in Sicily, noted for its honey.
Hydra (hundred-headed monster), Coriolanus, Hi. 1; Othello, ii,
3; and elsewhere.
Hyexns (winter), Midsummer Night's Dream, ii. 2.
Hymen, The, Tempest, iv. 1 ; Much Ado about Nothing, v. 3 ;
personated in As You Like It, last scene. Some critics think this an
interpolation by some other hand than Shakespeare's.
Hyperbole(s), Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2 ; three-piled, Troilus
and Cressida, i. 8.
Hyperion (Apollo), Henry V., iv. 1; Timon of Athens, iv. 3;
Titus Andronicus, v. 2 ; Troilus and Cressida, ii. 3 ; to a satyr,
Hamlet, i. 2 ; curls of, Samlet, Hi. 4.
Hypocrisy, of Proteus and Valentine, Two Gentlemen of Verona,
Hi. 1, 2 ; of Falstaff, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1 ; of Angelo,
Measure for Measure, i. 4, 5 / *'*'*' !> % > v - 1> recommended to a
husband, Comedy of Errors, Hi. 2 ; no vice but practises, Merchant
of Venice, Hi. 2 ; long experience in, King John, iv. 3 ; the evil
done by, Henry V., ii. 2 ; II. Henry VI., Hi. 1; of Eichard (Gloucester), III. Henry VI., Hi. 2; Richard III., i. 1-6; ii. 1, 2; Hi. 5, 7;
Anne accused of, Henry V11I., ii. 3 ; Wolsey accused of, Henry
VIII., Hi. 1 ; denounced, Romeo and Juliet, Hi. 2, " serpent
heart," etc. ; recommended, Macbeth, i. 3, to beguile the time, etc. ;
the devil sugared over, Hamlet, Hi. 1 ; time shall uncover, King
Lear, i. 1 ; of simpering dames, King Lear, iv. 6 ; mere, Othello, ii.
1 ; of devils, Othello, ii. 3, " And what's he," etc. ; of lago, Othello,
Hi. 3 ; of a woman, Othello, iv. 1; Lucrece, lines 846, 1514; cunning
of, Much Ado about Nothing, iv. 1.
Hyrcan deserts, Merchant of Venice, ii. 7. Hyreania, a wilderness south of the Caspian Sea.
Hyrcan tiger, Macbeth, Hi. 4; Hyrcanian beast, Hamlet, ii. 2.
Hyst erica passio (hysteric passion), King Lear, ii. 4.
lachimo, an Italian, friend of Philario in Cymbeline, introduced
in i. 4; his wager, *'. 4; his stratagem, ii. 2 ; his confession, v. 5.
lago, ancient or ensign of Othello, one of the principal characters
in the play, and one of the most remarkable of all in the dramas, introduced in i. 1. He hates Cassio for having been promoted to an
office above him, and Othello for having promoted him, and he devises and carries out the plot that culminates in the murder of Desdemona. See under OTHELLO.
"Some persons, more nice than wise, have thought this whole
character unnatural because his villainy is without a sufficient motive. . . . lago, in fact, belongs to a class of characters common to
Shakespeare, and at the same time peculiar to him ; whose heads are
as acute and active as their hearts are hard and callous. lago is, to
be sure, an extreme instance of the kind that is to say, of diseased
intellectual activity, with an almost perfect indifference to moral
good or evil, or rather with a decided preference for the latter, because it falls more readily in with his favourite propensity, gives
greater zest to his thoughts and scope to his actions." HAZLITT.
Icarus, I. Henry VI., iv. 6, 7; II. Henry VI., v. 6. Daedalus
made wings for himself and his son Icarus, on which they rose from
Crete; but the boy flew too near the sun, the wax that held the
feathers together melted, and he fell into the sea.
Ice, thrilling region of thick-ribbed, Measure for Measure, Hi. 1.
Iceland dog, Henry V., ii. 1.
Icicle(s), on a Dutchman's beard, Twelfth Night, Hi. 2 ; roping,
Henry V., Hi. 5 ; chaste as the, Coriolanus, v. 3.
Iden, Alexander, character in //. Henry VL, introduced in iv,
10. He was Sheriff of Kent, and captured Jack Cade, who, struggling against capture, was mortally wounded.
Identity^ mistaken, plot of Comedy of Errors founded on ; and
Viola is"mistaTcenrf or Sebastian in Twelfth Night, Hi. 4 ; iv. 1.
Ides of March, Julius Ccesar, in. 1. The fifteenth.
Idiot(s), a blinking, Merchant of Venice, ii. 9; play the, in
fortune's eyes, Troilus and Cressida, Hi. 3 ; holds his bauble for a
god, Titus Andronicus, v. 1 ; life a tale told by an, Macbeth, v. 5 ;
would be wisely definite, Cymbeline, i. 6.
Idleness, to mar with, .As You Like It, i. 1; makes man a
beast, Hamlet, iv. 4 ,' evils of, Antony and Cleopatra, i. 2.
Idolatry, in making the service greater than the god, Troilus
and Cressida, ii. 2 ; pure, Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 3.
leld, or ild (yield, shield), As You Like It, Hi. 3 ; Hamlet, iv. 5.
If(s), traitorous to talk of, Richard III., Hi. 4 / virtues of an, As
You Like It, v. 4.
If a hart do lack a hind, travesty on Orlando's love-verses, As
You Like It, Hi. 2.
If love make me forsworn, poem, Love's Labour's Lost, iv.
2 ; Passionate Pilgrim, v.
If music and sweet poetry agree, Passionate Pilgrim, viii.
If my dear love were but the child of state, Sonnet cxxiv.
If the dull substance of my flesh, Sonnet xliv.
If there be nothing new, Sonnet lix.
If thou survive my well-contented day, Sonnet xxxii.
If thy soul check thee, Sonnet cxxxvi.
Ignominy, to ransom life, Measure for Measure, ii. 4> with
thee in the grave, /. Henry IV., v. 4.
Ignorance, no darkness but, Twelfth Night, iv. 2; bliss of, A
Winter's Tale, ii. 1, " How blest am I," etc. ; the curse of God, //.
Henry VI., iv. 7 ; a valiant, Troilus and Cressida, Hi. 3; finds not
till it feels, Coriolanus, Hi. 3; of one's losses, Othello, Hi. 3 ; makes
us pray for what would harm us, Antony and Cleopatra, ii. 1 ; of
books, a monster, Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 2 ; dull, unfeeling, barren, Richard II., i. 3 ; short-armed, Troilus and Cressida, ii. 3.
Ignorant, the, their eyes more learned than their ears, Coriolanus, Hi. 2.
I grant thou wert not married to my Muse, Sonnet Ixxxii.
Ilium, a name of Troy, but in Troilus and Cressida, i. 1, used
as the name of the palace.
Illness, allowances for, King Lear, ii. 4, " Infirmity doth still
neglect all office whereto our health is bound," etc.
Ills, heightened by the thought of good, Richard II., i. 3;
known preferred to unknown, Hamlet, Hi. 1.
Illyria, on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, scene of Twelfth
Night.
Imagination, effect of death on, Much Ado about Nothing, iv.
1 ; of lunatics, lovers, and poets, Midsummer Night's Dream, v. 1 ;
of greatness, Twelfth Night, ii. 5 ; impotence of, Richard 11., i. 3,
" who can tell," etc. ; help of, at the theatre, Henry V., i., chorus ;
of riches, Lover's Complaint, I. 136 ; desperate with, Hamlet, i. 4.
Imbare (make bare, expose), Henry V., i. 2.
Imitation, even of faults, II. Henry IV., ii. 3.
Imitator, an, Julius Ccesar, iv. 1, " A barren-spirited fellow."
Immanity (inhumanity), I. Henry VI., v. 1.
Immortality of the soul. See SOUL.
Imogen, daughter of Cymbeline, introduced in the first scene of
the play. The wager concerning her, i. 4>' her interview with
lachimo, *. 6; his stratagem, ii. 2 ; the command for her death, Hi.
2 ; her journey, Hi. 4; her beauty, Hi. 6 ; her apparent death, iv. 2.
" The very crown and flower of all her father's daughters. I do
not speak here of her human father, but her divine the woman
above all Shakespeare's women is Imogen. As in Cleopatra we found
the incarnate sex, the woman everlasting, so in Imogen we find half
glorified already the immortal godhead of womanhood. I would
fain have some honey in my words at parting with Shakespeare
never, but forever with these notes on Shakespeare ; and I am therefore something more than fain to close my book upon the name of
the woman best beloved in all the world of song and all the tide of
time, upon the name of Shakespeare's Imogen." SWINBURNE.
" Imogen, Desdemona, and Hermione are three women placed in
situations nearly similar and equally endowed with all the qualities
which can render that situation striking and interesting. They are
all gentle, beautiful, and innocent ; all are models of conjugal submission, truth, and tenderness ; and all are victims of the unfounded
jealousy of their husbands. So far the parallel is close, but here the
resemblance ceases. . . . Critically speaking, thp character of Hermione is the most simple in point of dramatic effect, that of Imogen
is the most varied and complex. Hermione is most distinguished by
her magnanimity and her fortitude, Desdemona by her gentleness
and refined grace, while Imogen combines all the best qualities of
both with others which they do not possess ; consequently she is, as
a character, superior to either ; but, considered as women, I suppose
the preference would depend on individual taste." MRS. JAMESON.
Imp, Love's Labour's Lost, i. 2. A graff or shoot of a tree, and
so used for child in a good sense.
Imp, Richard, II., ii. 1. To imp a hawk was to supply missing
wing-feathers.
Impartiality, the king's profession of, Richard II., i. 1.
Impatience, to hear news, As You Like It, Hi. 2; Romeo and
Juliet, ii. 5 ; does become a dog that's mad, Antony and Cleopatra,
iv., end ; waiteth on true sorrow, III. Henry VI., Hi. 3.
Impeachment (impediment), Henry V., Hi. 6.
Imperceiverant (unperceiving), Cymbeline, iv. 1.
Imperfection(s), piece out our, Henry V., i., chorus; in everything, Lucrece, 1. 869 ; in fair things, Sonnet xxxv.
Implacability, Richard IIL, i. 4, " Not to relent," etc. See
HATRED and INFLEXIBILITY.
Impleached (intertwined), Lover's Complaint, I. 205.
Imponed (impawned, staked), Hamlet, v. 2.
Import (imply), Antony and Cleopatra, ii. 2.
Importance (import), A Winter's Tale, v. 2.
Importance (importunity), King John, ii. 1; Twelfth Night,
v. 1.
Important (importunate), Comedy of Errors, v. 1 ; Much Ado
about Nothing, ii. 1 ; All's Well that Ends Well, Hi. 7 ; King Lear,
iv. 4.
Imposition, hereditary ours, the, A Winter's Tale, i. 2. Meaning original or transmitted sin.
Impossibility, Coriolanus, v. 3 ; seeming, All's Well that Ends
Well, ii. 1, " Methinks in thee some blessed spirit speaks," etc.
Imprecations, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 3, " Let vultures
gripe," etc. ; Troilus and Cressida, ii. 3 ; Coriolanus, iv. 2, " The
hoarded plagues," etc. ; Timon of Athens, Hi. 5, end, 6 ; iv. 1, 3 ;
Lucrece, I. 967. See CURSES.
Imprisonment, King John, iv. 1; of Hermione, A Winter's
Tale, ii. 1 ; long, /. Henry VL, ii. 5.
Impudence, of vice, A Winter's Tale, Hi. 2 ; Titus Andronicus,
v.l.
Incantations, Macbeth, i. 3 ; iv. 1.
Incapable (insensible), Hamlet, iv. 7 or 4.
Inchide (restrain), Two Gentlemen of Verona, v. 4.
Incivilities, between Jaques and Orlando, As You Like It,
Hi. 2. *
Inconstancy, in love, Two Gentlemen of Verona, ii. 4>' v-4>'
Romeo and Juliet, ii. 3 ; Falstaff ' s, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1 ;
of men, Much Ado about Nothing, ii. 3, song ; of common men,
III. Henry VI., Hi. 1, " Look, as I blow this feather," etc. ; novelty
only is in request, Measure for Measure, Hi. 2.
Incony (unlearned, artless), Love's Labour's Lost, Hi. 1 ; iv. 1.
Indecision, II. Henry IV., ii. 3; Macbeth, i. 7; Hamlet,
Hi. 1 ; iv. 4, 7. See OPPORTUNITY.
Indent, with fears, I. Henry IV., i. 3. Make bargains with
those who would be objects of fears.
Indenture, tripartite, I. Henry IV., Hi. 1. Division of England
into three parts by the conspirators.
Independence, Julius Ccesar, i. 2 ; of fortune's caprices, Ham~
let, Hi. 2,
Index (beginning), Richard III., ii. 2 ; iv. 4, and elsewhere.
India, metal of (gold), Twelfth Night, ii. 5.
Indictment, of Hermione, A Winter's Tale, Hi. 2.
Indies, the, Comedy of Errors, Hi. 2 ; East and West, Merry
Wives of Windsor, i. 3; the, Twelfth Night, Hi. 2. See MAP.
Indifferent (impartial), Richard II., ii. 3.
Indigest (chaos), King John, v. 7.
Indirection (crookedness), Julius Ccesar, iv. 3.
Indirection, finding out by, Hamlet, ii. 1.
Indiscretion, sometimes serves well, Hamlet, v. 2.
Induction, Taming of the Shrew. The play is a play within a
play, acted before the characters of the induction. See LORD, a.
Induction(s) (preparations), Richard III., i. 1; (beginning),
Richard III., iv. 4; I. Henry I V., Hi. 1.
Industry, King Lear, ii. 4, " To school to an ant;" must have
an end to work to, Cymbeline, iii. 6 ; his industry is to go up and
down stairs, I. Henry IV., ii. 4.
I never saw that you did painting need, Sonnet Ixxxiii.
In faith. I do not love thee with mine eyes, Sonnet cxli.
Infant, the, As You Like It, ii. 7.
Infatuation, of Antony, Antony and Cleopatra, i. 1 ; laughed
at by the gods, Antony and, Cleopatra, iii. 2 ; of Hotspur, II. Henry
IV., i. 3.
Inflexibility, Merchant of Venice, iii. 3 ; iv. 1; A Winter's
Tale, i* 2 ; Coriolanus, i. 10,
Influence, of associates, Merchant of Venice, iii. 4. ; I. Henry
IV., ii. 4; II. Henry IV., v. 1 ; Troilus and Cressida, ii. 1; Julius
Ccesar, i. 2 ; King Lear, i. 4.
Informal (incoherent), Measure for Measure, v. 1.
Ingener (artist), Othello, ii. 1. " Does tire the ingener " is the
reading of the folio, " Does bear all excellency " of the quarto.
Ingratitude, Twelfth Night, iii. 4; v. 1; song on, As You Like
It, ii* 7 ; charged on the king, I. Henry I V., iv. 3 ; v. 1 ; toward
God, Richard III., ii. 2 ; of the king, Henry VIIL, iii. 2, " Had I
but served," etc. ; for good deeds past, Troilus and Cressida, iii. 3,
"Time hath a wallet," etc.; Coriolanus, ii. 3; in Rome, Titus Andronicus, i. 1 or 2 ; Romeo and Juliet, iii. 3 ; Timon of Athens, ii.
2; iii. 1-4, 6 ; v. 1; of the populace, Julius Ccesar, i. 1; of Brutus,
Julius Ccesar, iii. 2 ; of children, King Lear, i. 4 ; iii. 2, 4 ; of Seleucus, Antony and Cleopatra, v. 2 ; Pericles, i. 4.
In hoc spe vivo, Pericles, ii. 2. In this hope I live.
Inherit (possess), Richard II., i. 1, and elsewhere.
Inheritance, waiting for an, Midsummer Night's Dream, i. 1 ;
quarrel concerning an, King John, i. 1; seizure of an, Richard II.,
ii. 1 ; haste to receive an, II. Henry IV., iv. 4.
Iniquity, I lack, Othello, i. 2 ; the formal vice, Richard III., iii. 1.
Injointed (united), Othello, i. 3.
Injury, knowledge of, A Winter's Tale, ii. 1, " How blest am
I," etc. ; the jailor to pity, Coriolanus, v. 1 ; complaints of, Sonnets
xxxiv. xlii ; Twelfth Night, v. 1 ; the jailor to pity, Coriolanus, i. 1.
Injustice, blacker by contrast, A Winter's Tale, iii* 2, " How
he glisters," etc.
Ink, let gall enough be in, Twelfth Night, iii. 2 ; Cymbeline, v
#; a pit of, Much Ado about Nothing, iv. 1.
Inkhorn mate (scholar), I. Henry VL, iii. L
Inkle (used in embroidery, silk, or braid), A Winter's Tale, iv.
4 ; Pericles, v., prologue.
In loving thee thou knowst I am forsworn, Sonnet clii.
Innocence, plain and holy, The Tempest, Hi. 1 ; of children, A
Winter's Tale, i. 2; persuades, A Winter's Tale, ii. 2; silence of,
A Winter's Tale, Hi. 2, " If powers divine," etc. ; protestations of,
Othello, iv. 2; unsuspecting, Lucrece, I. 99 ; trust in, //. Henry IV.,
iv. 4 ; appearance of, Much Ado about Nothing, iv. 1.
Innocent III. See POPE.
Innocents, escape not, Antony and Cleopatra, ii. 5.
Inns, the Porpentine (porcupine), Comedy of Errors, Hi. 1 ; v.
1; the Tiger, Comedy of Errors, Hi. 1; the Garter, Merry Wives of
Windsor; the Boar's Head at Eastcheap, /. Henry IV. It was the
custom to name chambers in inns, as the Bunch of Grapes, Pomegranate, Half-Moon, Jerusalem Chamber, etc. See /. Henry IV.,
ii. 4; mine ease in mine inn, /. Henry IV., Hi. 3.
Insane, liberty of the, Hamlet, iv. 1 or Hi. 5.
Insane root, the, Macbeth, i. 3. Henbane or hemlock.
Insanity, affected by music, Richard II., v.5 ; King Lear, iv. 7 ;
restraints for, As You Like It, Hi. 2 ; Twelfth Night, v. 1; gradual
coming on of, Hamlet, ii. 2 ; symptoms of, Hamlet, ii. 1 ; Hi. 1, 4 ;
betrays secrets, Macbeth, v. 1; medicine for, Macbeth, v. 3 ; the mind
suffering with the body, King Lear, ii. 4; caused by the moon,
Othello, v. 2.
Insinuations, of evil, Othello, Hi. 3.
Inspiration, of poetry. See MUSE, the.
Instances, modern (trivial or trite examples of ?), As You Like,
It, ii. 7 ; (motives) to second marriage, Hamlet, Hi. 2.
Instinct, of beasts, in knowing their friends, Coriolanus, ii. 1;
of royalty, Cymbeline, iv. 2, " thou goddess," etc.
Instructions, a good divine that follows his own, Merchant of
Venice, i. 2.
Instruments), a poor, may do a noble deed, Antony and Cleopatra, v. 2 ; of darkness, Macbeth, i. 3 ; the mortal, Julius Caesar, ii. 1.
Insubordination, results of, Troilus and Cressida, i. 3.
Insults, to a coward, Hamlet, ii. 2, end of the soliloquy.
Insurrection, cause of, I. Henry IV., v. 1 ; turned to religion,
//. Henry IV., i. 1.
Integer vitse, etc., Titus Andronicus, iv. 2.
" He who is upright in life and pure from sin,
Needs neither the spear nor bow of the Moor." HORACE.
Integrity. See HONESTY, HONOUR.
Intellect, degrees of, A Winter's Tale, i. 2, " For thy conceit."
Intemperance, Twelfth Night, i. 5 ; fury in, Timon of Athens,
Hi. 5 ; of the Danes, Hamlet, i. 4; folly of, Othello, ii. 3; v. 1;
boundless, is a tyranny, Macbeth, iv. 3.
Intend (pretend), Much Ado about Nothing, ii. 2 ; Lucrece, I.
121; Richard IIL, Hi. 7.
Intentions, bad, cannot be punished, Measure for Measure, v. 1,
" Most bounteous sir," etc, ; between the, and the act, Julius Ccesar,
ii. 1 ; good, baulked, King Lear, v. 3.
Intercession, The Tempest, Hi* 1; Two Gentlemen of Verona,
i. 1 ; Henry VIII*, ii. 1 ; Richard III., i. 3 ; Macbeth, Hi. 1.
Interest, Merchant of Venice, i. 3. In the same sense as usury.
Interjections, Much Ado about Nothing, iv* 1.
Intermediate state, the, in Abraham's bosom, Richard II., iv.
1 ; Richard III., iv. 4>
In the old age black was not counted fair, Sonnet cxxvii.
Invasion, King John, v. 1 ; King Lear, Hi. 1.
Invention (imagination), Measure for Measure, ii. 4.
Inventions, return to plague the inventor, Macbeth, i. 7.
Inventory, of Wolsey's possessions, Henry VIII., Hi. 2; Cleopatra's, Antony and Cleopatra, v. 2.
Inverness, in Scotland, seat of Macbeth's castle and scene of a
part of the drama.
Invised (unseen), Lover's Complaint, I. 212.
Invitis nubibus (in spite of clouds), II. Henry VI., iv. 1.
Invisibility, of Ariel, The, Tempest, i. 2; produced by fern-seed, /. Henry IV., ii. 1.
Invulnerability, The Tempest, Hi. 3 ; supposed, Macbeth, iv.
1; v. 7,8.
Inward (intimate, confidential), Measure for Measure, Hi. 2 ;
Love's Labour's Lost, v. 1.
Inward quality, the, drawn after the outward, Antony and
Cleopatra, iii. 11 or 13.
Io, Taming of the Shrew, induction. 2. The daughter of the river-god Inachus, changed by Jupiter into a heifer, and persecuted by Juno.
Ipswich, college at, Henry VIII., iv. 2.
Ira furor brevis est, Timon of Athens, i. 2. Anger is a short
madness.
Iras, an attendant of Cleopatra in Antony and Cleopatra, introduced in i. 2.
Ireland, bogs of, Comedy of Errors, Hi. 2 ; rebellion in, Richard II., i. 4; I, Henry IV., iv. 4; v. 1; II. Henry VI., i. 1 ; Hi.
1 ; no snakes in, Richard II., ii. 1.
Iris, goddess of the rainbow and messenger of Juno, The Tempest, iv. 1; All's Well that Ends Well, i. 3; II. Henry VI., Hi. 2.
Irish, the, Richard II., ii. 1, " Rough, rug-headed kerns."
Irish rat, an, As You Like It, Hi. 2.
Irish wolves, howling of, As You Like It, v. 2.
Irony, of the Host, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 3 ; Hi. 1 ; Measure for Measure, v. 1, in the duke's praise of Angelo ; suspected,
Midsummer Night's Dream, Hi. 2 ; in flattery, Taming of the Shrew,
ii. 1.
Irregulous (lawless), Cymbeline, iv. 2.
Irresolution. See DOUBT, DELAY, INDECISION.
Isabel, Queen of France, character in Henry V., first appears in
v. 2 ; she is the mother of the Princess Katherine, who becomes the queen of Henry V.
Isabella, character in Measure for Measure, introduced in i. 5,
one of the noblest of Shakespeare's heroines.
Her character is marked by a lofty severity, which has caused
some critics to call her unwomanly ; but her purity is unaccompanied
by any Pharisaic harshness toward the follies of others ; and, indeed,
she seems to have no pride of character whatever, but simply unaffected devotion to goodness as goodness ; and this perfect sincerity
is united with a clear and strong intellect and a persistent though
modest force of will.
Isabella, queen of Richard II., is introduced in the play, ii. 1 ;
her sorrow when he is taken to the Tower, and indignation at his
want of spirit, v. 1.
I shall no more to sea, song, The Tempest, ii. 2.
Isis (chief goddess of the Egyptians, wife of Osiris), invoked,
Antony and Cleopatra, i. 2 ; habiliments of, Antony and Cleopatra,
Hi. 6.
Is it for fear to wet a widow's eye, Sonnet ix.
Is it thy will, Sonnet Ixi.
Island, scenes in an, The Tempest; Delphos spoken of as an,
A Winter's Tale, Hi. 1, " The fertile isle."
Issues, spirits are not finely touched but to fine, Measure for
Measure, i. 1.
Italy, scene of part of Cymbeline ; fashions of, see FASHIONS.
Iteration, damnable, I. Henry IV., i. 2 ; truth tired with,
Troilus and Cressida, Hi. 2. It was a friar of orders grey, Taming of the Shrew, iv. 1. A line of an old ballad, other lines of which are scattered through the play. From these Percy constructed the ballad, with additions.
It was a lording's daughter, Passionate Pilgrim, xvi.
Ivy, allusion to the custom of using a bush of, as a vintner's
sign, As You Like It, epilogue.
Jack, played the, The Tempest, iv. 1; term of reproach, Merry
Wives of Windsor, ii. 3 ; Hi. 1, 2 ; and Jill, Love's Labour's Lost, v.
2 ; Midsummer Night's Dream, Hi. 2.
Jack-a-Lent, Merry Wives of Windsor, Hi. 3 ; v. 5. A puppet
to be thrown at as an amusement in Lent.
Jack-an-apes (Jack o' lantern), Merry Wives of Windsor, iv. 4.
Jackdaws. See CHOUGHS.
Jack o* the clock, Richard II., v. 5; Richard III., iv. 2. The
automaton that struck the hours.
Jacks, Taming of the Shrew, iv. 1. Leather drinking-vessels.
Jacob, Merchant of Venice, i. 3.
Jacques, Saint, pilgrim of, All's Well that Ends Well, Hi. 4.
Pilgrimages were made to the shrine of St. James at Compostella,
Spain.
Jade, let the galled, wince, Hamlet, iii. 2.
Jaded (degraded by menial labor), II. Henry VI., iv. 1; (beaten),
Henry VIII., iii. 2.
Jailer, the, character in the Comedy of Errors, i. 1.
James I., of England, flattery of, see KING'S EVIL; prophecy
concerning, Henry VIII., v. 4; Macbeth, iv. 1, "That twofold
balls," etc. The passages in Measure for Measure beginning, " I
love the people " (i. 1), " How I have ever loved the life removed "
(**. 4)1 an( i " The general subject to a well-wished king " (ii. 4), are
supposed to refer to his dislike to being the centre of a pageant.
Jamy, a Scottish captain in Henry V., first appears in iii. 2.
Janus, two-headed, Merchant of Venice, i. 1.
Jape (coarse joke), A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 or 4.
Japhet, //. Henry IV., ii. 2.
Jaquenetta, a country wench in Love's Labour's Lost, beloved
by Costard and Don Adriano, first appears in the first scene.
Jaques, the melancholy, one of the lords attending the banished
duke in As You Like It.
" Jaques is not a bad-hearted egoist, like Don John, but he is a
perfectly idle seeker for new sensations, and an observer of his own feelings ; he is weary of all that he has found, and especially professes to despise the artificial society, which yet he never really escapes from, as the others do. His wisdom is half foolery, as Touchstone's foolery is half wisdom." DOWDEN.
Jaques de Bois, a brother of Oliver and Orlando in As You
Like It.
Jasons, many, Merchant of Venice, i. 1; in. 2. Jason went
after the Golden Fleece.
Jay(s), Tempest, ii. 2 ; Taming of the Shrew, iv. 3.
Jealousy, of Adriana, Comedy of Errors, ii. 1, 2 ; Hi. 1, end;
iv. 2 ; v. 1 ; of Ford, Merry Wives of Windsor, ii. 1, 2 ; Hi. 2, 5 ;
iv. 1, 4 ; love full of, Two Gentlemen of Verona, ii. 4 ; iv. 4 / a ruse,
to excite, Twelfth Night, Hi. 2 ; savage, Twelfth Night, v. 1; of
Leontes, A Winter's Tale, i. 2; ii. 1,3; Hi. 2; Elinor's, of Constance, King John, i. 1 ; godly, Troilus and Cressida, iv. 4 ; aroused,
Coriolanus, iv. 7 ; of Cassius, Julius Caesar, i. 2 ; guilt full of, Hamlet, iv. 5 ; Goneril's, King Lear, iv. 2, " But being widow," etc. ; Regan's, King Lear, v. 1, 3 ; green-eyed monster trifles to, Othello,
Hi. 3 ; self-made, Othello, Hi. 4 > one wrought up to, Othello, v. 2 ;
of Cleopatra, Antony and Cleopatra, i. 1, 3 ; ii. 5 ; Hi. 3 ; toward
superior officers, Antony and Cleopatra, Hi. 1 ; of Posthumus, Cymbeline, i. 6 ; ii. 4; Venus and Adonis, I. 649 ; the forgeries of, Midsummer Night's Dream, ii. 2 ; Romeo and Juliet, iv. 4.
Jephthah, III. Henry VI., v. 1; Hamlet, ii. 2.
Jerkin, a buff (sheriff's coat), I. Henry IV., i. 2; an old cloak
makes a new, Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 3.
Jeronimy, Saint, Taming of the Shrew, induction, 1. Supposed
to be Sly's blunder for a phrase from Thomas Kyd's play "The
Spanish Tragedy ; or, Hieronimo is Mad again," published in 1603,
but acted before that time. Ben Jonson played Hieronimo. " Go by,
Hieronymo," was much quoted in fun in Shakespeare's day.
Jerusalem, King John, ii. 2 ; IIL Henry VI., v. 4> King of.
See EEIGNIER.
Jerusalem Chamber, the, II. Henry IV., iv. 4.
Jessica, daughter of Shylock in the Merchant of Venice, introduced in ii. 3.
" The little Jessica is placed by the poet no higher than she could
be ; brought up, as she was, without a mother, in the society of Shylock and Launcelot, with a mind entirely child-like, naive, true, and
spotless ; and, if we may trust Lorenzo's words and her sure perception of the greatness of Portia, with a capacity for true wisdom. . . .
Launcelot also bears a relation to the common idea of the piece.
Greedy and rough as he is, he also is inclined to lack economy. . . .
Otherwise the scene with his father is exhibited in parodic contrast
to Jessica's relation with hers. The emphasis of the scene lies in the
words that the son of a father must ever come to light, that child-like feeling can never be renounced, not even by so coarse and blunt
a fellow as this. How much more should this be the case with a being so ethereal as Jessica ! But that it is not so is the strongest
shadow thrown by the poet upon Shylock ; he has not designed by it
to cast any upon Jessica. ' She is damn'd,' says Shylock. ' That's
certain, if the devil may be her judge,' answers Salarino." GERVINUS.
Jest(s), an unseen, Two Gentlemen of Verona, ii. 1 ; the prosperity of a, Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2, " Why, that's the way," etc. ; a,
in a fool's ear, Hamlet, iv. 2 (or v. 6) ; at scars, Romeo and Juliet, ii.
2; effect of a, //. Henry IV., v. 1. See JOKES, WIT.
Jest (masque), Richard II., i. 3.
Jesters do oft prove prophets, King Lear, v. 3 ; drive off melan
choly, Comedy of Errors, i, 2.
Jester(s), reform for a, Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2 ; oft prove
prophets, King Lear, v. 3.
Jesters. Touchstone in As You Like It, Feste in Twelfth
Night, the clown in All's Well that Ends Well, and the fool in
King Lear, are the most noteworthy jesters in the plays.
Jet (strut), Cymbeline, Hi. 3, and elsewhere.
Jewel(s), move a woman's mind, Two Gentlemen of Verona, Hi.
1; best enamelled, Comedy of Errors, ii. 1; in the toad's head, As
You Like It, ii. 1; mine eternal, Macbeth, Hi. 1; my heavenly.
See HAVE I CAUGHT, etc.
Jeweller, a, in Timon of Athens, i. 1, seeking patronage.
Jewess's eye, Merchant of Venice, ii. 5. The Jews were forced
to pay the price of an eye that is, a ransom to save themselves
from mutilation, hence the proverb, " Worth a Jew's eye." Another
explanation, however, makes the expression a corruption of the
Italian for jewel, gioia.
Jewry, the sepulchre in, Richard II., ii. 1.
Jew(s), would have wept, Two Gentlemen of Verona, ii. 3 ; used
opprobriously, Two Gentlemen of Verona, ii. 5 ; I am a, if, Much Ado
about Nothing, ii. 3 ; treatment of, Merchant of Venice, i. 3; ii. 2 ;
of like nature with Christians, Merchant of Venice, Hi. 1 ; an Ebrew,
/. Henry IV., ii. 4\ blaspheming, Macbeth, iv. 1.
Jezebel, Twelfth Night, ii. 5.
Jig (a dance), Much Ado about Nothing, ii. 1 ; Twelfth Night,
i. 3. The name was also applied to a comic recitation or song, given by the clown and accompanied with dancing and playing on the pipe or tabor, Hamlet, ii. 2; your only (only your) jig-maker, Ham-
Joan of Arc, La Pucelle, character in /. Henry VI., first appears
in i. 2, where she convinces the dauphin of her mission by fighting
with and conquering him. In v. 3, she summons fiends to her aid,
but is taken by York ; in v. 4, she denies her father, and is ordered
to execution. Joan was burned at the stake in Rouen r May 30, 1431.
History bears undisputed testimony to the purity, lofty enthusiasm,
and disinterestedness of her character. In drawing her as a vile sorceress the authors of the play followed the English prejudice of the
time.
Job, allusion to the Book of, Merry Wives of Windsor, v. 1 ;.
poor as, Merry Wives of Windsor, v. 5.
Jog on, jog on, the footpath way, A Winter's Tale, iv. 2 or
3. Part of an old round for three voices.
John, King, drama of. See KING JOHN.
John, King of England from 1199 to 1216, succeeded his brother
Richard I., or Cceur de Lion, according to a will that .he brought
forward after Richard's death, though Richard had named his
nephew Arthur his successor in 1190. John's title was further confirmed by an election, the hereditary principle in succession not having been established at that time. The story, in v. 6, that he was
poisoned by a monk, is not found in the histories of the time, but is
mentioned by Holinshed. Of the character of John as delineated in
the play, Gervinus says :
" He is not the image of a brutal tyrant, but only the type of the
hard, manly nature, without any of the enamel of finer feelings, and
without any other motives for action than those arising from the
instinct of this same inflexible nature and of personal interest. Severe and earnest, an enemy to cheerfulness and merry laughter, conversant with dark thoughts, of a restless, excitable temperament, he
quickly rises to daring resolves. . . . No higher principle sustains
the man and his energetic designs in time of danger ; the great idea
at the outset of his career leaves him during its progress and at its
end. After his power, thus displayed against France, has risen even
to the defiance of the Pope and the Church, and to the inconsiderate
design upon the life of a child whose temper was not to be feared,
and had not even been tried by him, it sinks down, struck by conscience, by curses, and by prophecies, by dangers without and within ; he becomes anxious, mistrustful, superstitious, fearful to absolute
weakness and to a degree of faint-heartedness, in which he sells his
country as cheap as once, in his self-confidence, he had held it dear
and defended it boldly,"
John of Gaunt. See GAUNT.
John of Lancaster. See LANCASTER.
John, Don, bastard brother of Don Pedro* in Much Ado about
Nothing, introduced in i. 1. He is of black and sour disposition,
and the villain of the play. His jealousy at the honour Claudio has
brought from the wars, and of Don Pedro's love for him, leads him
to prepare the plot against Hero to destroy her happiness and that
of Claudio.
John, a Franciscan friar in Romeo and Juliet, introduced in
v.2.
John-a-dreams, Hamlet, ii. 2. A sleepy or absent-minded fellow.
Joint ring (a double ring used as a lover's token), Othello,
iv. 3.
Jokes, practical, on the tinker, Taming of the Shrew, induction ;
on Malvolio, Twelfth Night, ii. 3 ; on Aguecheek, Twelfth Night,
iii. 4 ; on Falstaff, Merry Wives of Windsor, Hi. 3 ; v. 3-5 ; I. Henry IV., i. 2 ; ii. 2, 4.
Joshua, one of the nine worthies (q. v.\ Love's Labour's Lost,
v.l.
Jourdain, Margery, a witch in II. Henry VI., introduced in i. 4.
Journeys, from and toward one loved, Sonnets I., Ii.
Joust, a, Pericles ii. 2.
Jove, Troilus and Cressida, ii. 3 ; lightnings of, The Tempest,
i. 2 ; oak of, The Tempest, v. 1 ; thunder of, Measure for Measure,
ii. 2 ; would swear Juno an Ethiope, Love's Labour's Lost, iv. 3; the
page of, As You Like It, i. 3 ; in a thatched house, see OVID ; doing of, Twelfth Night, iii. 4 ; his forehead, Hamlet, iii. 4 ,' bless thee,
Twelfth Night, iv. 2. Used here for God, because of the law against
the use of God's name on the stage. Laughs at lover's perjuries,
Romeo and Juliet, ii. 2 ; thunder-darter, Troilus and Cressida, ii. 3;
bird of, Cynibeline, iv. 2.
Joy, shown by tears better to weep at, than, etc., Much Ado
about Nothing, i. 1 ; silence the herald of, Much Ado about Nothing,
ii. 1; description of, A Winter's Tale, v. 2 ; from wondering to
weeping, II. Henry VI., i. 1 ; sudden, Pericles, v. 1 ; expression of,
Coriolanus, ii. 1 ; iv. 5 ; v. 4 >' subtle, Troilus and Cressida, iii. 2.
Judas, hanged on an elder-tree, Love's Labour's Lost, v. 2 ; his
hair, As You Like It, iii. 4. It was believed to have been red. His
kiss, III. Henry VI., v. 7 ; three Judases, Richard II., iii. 2 ; iv. 1.
Judas Maccabseus, one of the nine worthies (q. v.), Love's Labour's Lost, v. 1, 2.
Judge(s), what 'twere to be a, Measure for Measure, ii. 2; a wise
and upright, Merchant of Venice, iv. 1; the incorruptible, Henry
VIIL, Hi. 1 ; delaying, Coriolanus, ii. 1.
Judgment, conceit of one's own, corrected, All's Well that Ends
Well, iv. 3; of heaven, 1. Henry IV., Hi. 2; a grand juryman since
Noah, Twelfth Night, Hi. 2; fled to beasts, Julius Ccesar, Hi. 2; on
earth, Macbeth, i. 7 ; of men, a parcel of their fortunes, Antony and
Cleopatra, Hi. 11 or 13 ; a Daniel come to, Merchant of Venice, iv.
1 ; hath bred a kind of remorse, Richard III., i. 4 ; repented of,
Measure for Measure, ii. 2 ; without which (reason) we are pictures
or mere beasts, Hamlet, iv. 5. See JUSTICE.
Judgment-day, the, Richard III., i. 4; I. Henry VI., i. 1.
See DOOMSDAY.
Julia, a sweet, unselfish character, the first love of Proteus, in
the Two Gentlemen of Verona, introduced in i. 2.
Juliet, a character in Measure for Measure, appears in ii. 3,
betrothed to Claudio. She is meek, weak, and patient.
Juliet, heroine of Romeo and Juliet, introduced in i. 3 ; her
beauty, ii. 2 ; her wit and dignity, iii. 5 ; meets Romeo, i. 5 ; is
married, ii. 6; drinks the potion, iv. 3; stabs herself, v. 3. See
under MIRANDA.
" Juliet is love itself. The passion is her state of being, and out
of it she has no existence. . . . Such, in fact, are the simplicity, the
truth, and the loveliness of Juliet's character, that we are not at first
aware of its complexity, its depth, and its variety. There are in it an
intensity of passion, a singleness of purpose, a completeness of effect,
which we feel as a whole." MRS. JAMESON.
Julius Caesar, an historic tragedy, first published in 1623. The
date of writing is not certainly known, but the critics assign it to the
year 1600 or 1601, judging from internal evidence as well as from an
allusion to Antony's speech in a poem printed in 1601. Sir Thomas
North's translation of Plutarch furnished the materials, which are
taken from the lives of Csesar, Brutus, and Antony. The action
covers the space from the feast of Lupercalia, February 13, B. c. 44,
to the battle of Philippi, in the autumn of 42, a period of about two
and a half years. There is an allusion to a play called "Julius
Cassar " in Hamlet, Hi. 2, which by some is supposed to refer to this
drama. But it may refer to a Latin drama on the subject, by Richard Eades, which was played at Oxford in 1582.
" Everything is wrought out in the play with great care and completeness; it is well planned and well proportioned; there is no tempestuousness of passion, and no artistic mystery. The style is full, but not overburdened with thought or imagery ; this is one of the most perfect of Shakespeare's plays ; greater tragedies are less perfect, perhaps for the very reason that they try to grasp greater, more
terrible, or more piteous themes." DOWDEN.
Julius Ceesar. See CAESAR.
Jump (risk) the life to come, Macbeth, i. 7 ; a body with a dangerous physic, Coriolanus, Hi. 1; fortune lies upon this jump, Antony and Cleopatra, Hi. 8.
Jump (opportunely), Hamlet, i. 1 ; Othello, ii. 3.
Juno, The Tempest, iv. 1 ; an Ethiope, Love's Labour's Lost, iv.
3; swans of, As You Like It, i. 3; his despiteful, All's Well that
Ends Well, Hi. 4, alluding to the story of Hercules or that of tineas ;
A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 or 4 / Antony and Cleopatra, iv. 13.
Jupiter, Merry Wives of Windsor, v. 5 ; As You Like It, Hi.
2 ; A Winter's Tale, iv. 3 or 4 >' in a vision, Cymbeline, v. 4 ; Antony and Cleopatra, Hi. 2 ; Titus Andronicus, iv. 3 ; v. 2 ; Troilus
and Cressida, iv. 5 ; v. 1. See JOVE and PHILEMON.
Jury, the, may have one guiltier than the prisoner, Measure for
Measure, ii. 1.
Justice, sleeping. Measure, for Measure, i. 4; seizes what it
sees, Measure for Measure, ii. 1; and mercy, Measure for Measure,
ii. 2 ; innocence with, Measure, for Measure, iv. 2 ; " His life is
paralleled," etc., Merchant of Venice, iv. 1 ; of condemning by surmises, A Winter's Tale, Hi. 2 ; course of Shallow's, //. Henry IV.,
v. 1 ; scales of, //. Henry VI., ii. 1 ; not to be judged by results,
Troilus and Cressida, ii. 2 ; gone from earth, Titus Andronicus, iv.
3 ; even-handed, Macbeth, i. 7 ; against gold, King Lear, iv. 6; of
the gods, King Lear, v. % ; delays of, Lucrece, I. 906 ; impartial,
Richard II., i. 1 ; of Heaven, Hamlet, Hi. 3.
Justice, description of a, As You Like It, ii. 7 ; of the peace,
II. Henry VI., iv. 7.
Justicer (judge), King Lear, Hi. 6 ; iv. 2 ; Cymbeline, v. 5.
Justify (prove), The Tempest, v. 1.
Juvenal (youth), Love's Labour's Lost, i. 2 ; Hi. 1; II. Henry
IV., i. 2 ; Midsummer Night's Dream, Hi. 1.
Index A to C
Index D to F
Index K to M
Index N to P
Index Q to S
Index T to V
Index W to Z
Shakespeare's plays in order of date written
First performance and first published dates
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